57 



58 



ical, 7 sp. 



N. EXALTATA Schott. 



Stipes tufted, 4-6' long, naked or 

 slightly scaly; fronds 1-6" long, 3-6' 

 broad; pinnae close, lanceolate-edge en- 

 tire or slightly crenate, upper side auri- 

 cled at base, lower rounded: rachis 

 nearly naked; sori submarginal ; indusia 

 firm, distinctly reniform. Fla. Synon- 

 yms: Polypodium exaltatum L, sp PI ed 

 2, 1548 (1763). — Aspidium trifoliatum 

 Swz, Schrad J bot 1800 (2): 32 (1801). 

 Frequent in cult. 



IT. BISEBKATA Schott, Gen Fil 1834. 



Stipes tufted, 4-8' long, naked or 

 slightly scaly; fronds 2-4° long, 8-12' 

 broad; pinnae 4-8' long, y 2 -l' broad, ac- 

 ute entire or slightly crenate, upper 

 side auricled, lower rounded at base; 

 rachis and both sides nearly naked; sori 

 submarginal; indusia suborbicular, sub- 

 peltate. Fla (south bank of Miami riv- 

 er, Holden). Synonyms: N. acuta Presl 

 Tent Pterid 79 (1836). — Aspidium acu- 

 tum Swz, Syn Fil 46 (1806).— A. biser- 

 ratum Swz, Schrad J bot 1800 (2): 32 

 (1801). 



FILIX Adans, Fam PI 2:20 (1763). 

 Cystopteris Bernh. 



Indusium convex, com reflected as 

 sporangia ripen; texture delicate. 



*Fronds ovate-lanceolate, 2-3-pinnate. 

 P. BULBIFERA Underwood, Our Native 

 Ferns, ed 6, 119 (1900). 



Bladder fern. Stipes 4-6' long; fronds 

 lanceolate, elongate, 1-2° long, 2-3'-pin- 

 natifid, pinnae lanceolate-oblong; pin- 

 nules crowded, toothed or pinnatifid; 

 rachis wingless, often bearing bulblets 

 underneath; indusia short, truncate on 

 free side. Alk; Can; la; NC; Ark; Ala. 

 Synonyms: Aspidium bulbiferum Swz. — 

 Nenhrodium bulbiferum Michx.- — Poly- 

 podium bulbiferum L, Sp PI 1091 (175.3). 

 — Cystopteris bulbifera Bernh, Schrad 

 Neues J bot 1 (2): 26 (1806). 

 T. FRAGILI3 Underwood, Our Native 

 Ferns ed 6, 119 (1900). 



Fronds oblong-lanceolate, 4-8' long, 

 1-2V 2 ' broad, 2-3-pinnate; pinnae and 

 pinnules lanceolate or ovate in outline, 

 decurrent along margined or winged 

 rachis; indusia tapering or acute at free 

 end. Labrador; Alk: Cal; Ar; Ala: Ga. 

 Synonyms: Aspidium tenue Swz. — Poly- 

 podium fragile L, sp PI 109 (1753).— 

 Cystopteris fragilis Bernh, Schrad Neues 

 J bot 1 (2):27 (1806). — and many var- 

 ietal names. 



**Fronds deltoid-ovate, 3-4-pinnate. 

 F. MONTANA Underwood. Our Native 

 Ferns ed 6, 119 (1900). 



Rtstock long, slender, creeping; stipes 

 6-9' long, slender; fronds 6' each way; 

 lowest pinnae deltoid-lanceolate, much 

 larger than these above, their inferior 

 pinnules 1-1%' long; segs cut to rachis 

 into oblong lobes, deeply and sharply 

 toothed; sori num. Labrador ; Colo; Alk: 

 BC. Synonyms: Polypodium montanum 

 Lam, Fl Franc 1:23 (1778) .—Cystopteris 

 montana Bernh, Schrad Neues J bot 1 

 (2): 26 (1806). 



ONOCLEA L, sp PI 1062 (1753). 



Sori dorsal on veins of contracted 

 pinnae, concealed by their revolute mar- 



gins; veins of sterile frond copiously 

 anastomosing. 



O. SENSIBI&IS L, sp PI 1062 (1753). 



Sensitive fern; Oak-leaved fern. Fer- 

 tile fronds bipinnate, much contracted; 

 pinnules short, com rolled up and con- 

 verted into berry-shaped closed involu- 

 ores, and forming a 1 -sided panicle; 

 sterile fronds broadly triangular, deeply 

 pinnatifid into lanceolate-oblong pinnae, 

 which are entire, undulate, or lowest 

 pair sinuate pinnatifid; veins copiously 

 anastomosing. Can; Fla; Kans; Nebr; 

 La. 



Variety OBTUSILOBATA Torrey. 



Sterile fronds again pinnatifid, more 

 or less contracted and revolute, and bear 

 a few sori; fertile fronds more or less 

 foliose. 



MATTEUCCIA Todaro, Syn PI Acot 

 Vase Sicilia 30 (1866). 



Veins all free, oft included in Ono- 

 clea (section Struthiopteris Willd.) 

 M. STRUTHIOFSIS Todaro, Syn PI Sici- 

 lia 30 (1866). 



Ostrich fern. Fertile fronds 1-1%° 

 long, simply pinnate with necklace- 

 shaped pinnae formed of strongly revo- 

 lute margins; sterile fronds 2-6° long, 

 growing in a crown, broadly lanceolate, 

 bipinnatifid, lowest pinnae gradually 

 much shorter; veins pinnate, free and 

 simple; sori crowded and confluent. 

 Nova Scotia; Va; la; BC. Synonyms: 

 Onoclea struthiopteris Hoffm. Deutsch 

 Fl 2:11 (1795). — O. germanica Willd. — 

 O. nodulosa Michx. — Struthiopteris penn- 

 sylvanica Willd. — S. germanica Willd 

 Enum PI Hort bot Berol 1071 (1809).— 

 Osmunda struthiopteris L, sp PI 1066 

 (1753). 



Genus WOODSIA R. Brown. 



Prndr Fl Nov Holl 1:158 (1810). 



Indusium roundish or stellate, deli- 

 cate cleft into irregular lobes. Named 

 for Joseph Woods, an English botanist; 

 15 sp, high temperate or boreal. 



Section F.UWOODSIA Indusium min- 

 ute or evanescent, open and flat from an 

 early stage, concealed under sorus, its 

 margin cleft into slender hairs or cili. 



*Stipes obscurely jointed near base; 

 cilia of indusium long, inflexed over 

 sporangia. , , 



I — Fronds thickly clothed beneath 

 with rusty bristle-like chaff. 

 W IXiVENSIS R. Br, Prodr Fl Nov Holl 

 1:158 (1810). ' ^ „ . 



Rusty Woodsia. Fronds broadly lan- 

 ceolate, smoothish above, pinnate; pin- 

 nae crowded, sessile, pinnately-parted, 

 crowded segs oblong, obscurely crenate; 

 sori near margin, somewhat confluent in 

 age Va; Ky; NC; Alk; Greenland; 

 Minn. Svninyms: Acrostichum ilvensis L. 

 Sp PI 1071 (1753). — Polypodium ilvense 

 g wz . — Nephrodium rufidulum Michx. — 

 Aspidium rufidulum Willd. — Woodsia ru- 

 fidula Beck. 



II. — Fronds glabrous or nearly so. 

 W. AIiFINA S. F. Gray, Nat Arr Brit PI 

 2:17 (1821). 



Alpine woodsia. Stipes and rachis 

 sometimes slightly hairy; fronds linear- 

 lanceolate, pinnate; pinnae cordato- 

 ovate, pinnatifid with 5-7 broadly obo- 



