278 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[Oct. 24, 1889. 



and to the first formula, the two practicable classes would be 

 45 and 40ft. corrected length. In the former the allowance, of sail 

 for 40ft, 3,035sq.ft., Is less than is carried by several of the new 

 yachts, hut still in excess of anything seen before this season, 

 being more than is now carried by Nymph, Verena, Daboon, 

 Xara and Chiquita. , ,„„.,.,„, 



Going to 41ft. length the allowance of sail would Ixi but. 2»0«ft.. 

 the present rig of Banshee on a hull lf-t, longer, which would not 

 be bad, but for a length of 43ft, the sail would be cut down to a 

 figure that would onlv perm.t a very narrow hull, such as the 

 old 10-ton cutters. Going up now from 40ft.. a length ot Wit. 

 would be allowed 3,481ft. of sail, or more in proportion than Liris. 

 The effect, of this class then would be to confine all experiment 

 practically to lengths of 39 to 41ft., changing the existing order of 

 things but little; unless a man wishes to t ry his luck with a nar- 

 row cutter ..f . i-i.ui i ■ '»ft with 2,401ft. of sail, (similarly the 

 46t't. class under the same rule, though starting with a very large 

 rig on a forty, 3,364ft, would at 43t't allow less sail than Minerva 

 has. The action of the first formula applied in this way, with 

 the corrected length fixed and the length and sail variable, is to 

 cut down sail very rapidly as length increases, taking off over 

 gOOffc of sail for an increase of lit. of length, and adding sail as 

 rapidly as length is decreased. The second formula, ou the con- 

 trary, though taxing sail more heavily when used as at present, 

 is much more liberal than the first when applied to a classi- 

 fication by corrected length, the difference of sail for each foot of 

 length, as snown in the. seventh column of table C, being about 

 100ft. 



With a class of 4Sft corrected length by the second rule, as in 

 the column referred to, the starting point for a forty would be 

 3,136ft. of sail, about that of Maraquita. There would be a place 

 at the upper part of the class for a boat of the extreme propor- 

 tions of Liris. 38ft. length and 3,364ft, of sail, but further than 

 this a wide field of experiment in more moderate craft would be 

 opened in the lengths from 41 to 45ft,, the allowance of sail even 

 for the latter lengt h being such as to permit of 10ft. or more beam. 

 The average beam of the present keel forty with 3,100ft. of sail is 

 13f t. 6in., and roughly speaking it would decrease about Bin. for 

 each foot of extra length, giving 12ft. 6iu. beam tor a 42ft. yacht 

 and 10ft 6in. to lift, for a 45ft. In comparing the action of the 

 two rules it would seem that the second, with its more grad- 

 ual changes and the greater allowance of sail for the larger 

 I oats, would be much superior to the first, the latter offering 

 still a strong premium to trie very wide boat with the big rig, 

 and practicalLy confining all experiment to a few lengths of 

 nearly the same type. 



One leading feature of the system is that there is theoretically 

 no limit to any class, a man may build a yacht 60ft long for the 

 48tt. class corrected length, but he can take only l,300it. of sail; 

 and on the other hand he can build a 30 footer for the same class, 

 taking 4,300ft. Both of these boats would be absurdities, and 

 practically the class would be confined to the limits of 38ft. 

 length with 3,249ft, of sail and 44ft. length with 2,704ft. It would 

 be possible to build a reduced Clara of 46ft. length for the class, 

 but such a boat would hardly frighten the present fleet in racing 

 on even terms. 



One objection that has been urged to the system is that it would 

 never be known in what class a yacht belonged, that she would 

 race in the 42ft. class one day, the 48ft. class on the next, and again 

 in the 53ft. class; but such a misapprehension is founded only on 

 an ignorance of the subject. A yacht would be as firmly anchored 

 in tne class she was built for as under the present system. For 

 instance, the present 46ft. class, such as Daphne, Fanita and Alga, 

 carry about 3,300ft. of sail, giving a corrected length ot 51 to 53ft, 

 while the limit of the class which included the present for Lies 

 would be 48ft., consequently the larger boats could not go down 

 into the smaller class. This is shown in the diagram, in wbich 

 the inclined lines show the proportionate, sail allowed for each 

 length in any class. The limits of each class are, as before ex- 

 plained, infinite; but the practical working limits are indicated 

 hy the heavier line; thus in tne 48ft. class the leugths would run 

 from 39 to 45ft, and the sail from 3,249 clown to 2,601ft. 



While the classes overlap they do not intersect or conflict, and 

 a yacht must be designed for a particular class, remaining always 

 in it. It would be possible for a 40ft yacht to go in the 42ft, cor- 

 rected length class, but to do so she could have but 1,936ft. of sail, 

 about the rig of the modern 30-footer. consequently she would be 

 of an extreme type that would have little show of success 

 against the more moderate, boats of her class. Similarly, a 53ft, 

 boat for the 48ft. class could have but 1,849ft. of sail, in other 

 words such a boat would be impossible. 



Our object thus far has been merely to make clear the lead- 

 ing features of a system that our readers are likely to hear a good 

 deal of in the future, even though nothing should be done at 

 present toward its adoption. The first thing to be settled is the 

 merit of the principles embodied in the new system compared 

 with those of the present, one; when this is settled it will be time 

 enough to discuss the many points of detail, such as the best for- 

 mula, the proper classes, and the boats likely to be produced under 

 them. 



VIPER AND AIDEEN— A match was sailed at Hamilton. Out, 

 on Oct. 12, between the two 20ft. yachts Viper and Aideen, one 

 round of the regular triangular course, 10t, miles, for $50 per side. 

 Both are new yachts, built last spring, Viper being designed hv 

 Mr. JEmilius Jarvis, who sailed her in the race, while Aideeu was 

 btult by Mr. Luke Thompson. The start was made at 2:30 in a 

 heavy wind and sea. Viper carrying one reef and Aideen two. 

 Aideen gained on the run to first mark, but after that Viper 

 headed her and finally won by a large margin. The times were: 

 Start. Finish. Elapsed. Oorrected. 



Viper 2 23 30 5 10 38 2 44 08 3 44 08 



Aideen 2 m 18 5 26 ll 2 53 23 2 53 10 



F. E. Kilvert, judge; R, A. Mathesius, timekeeper. The wind 

 was blowing 30 miles per hour during a part of the race. The fol- 

 lowing challenge has resulted: "Having been defeated on Satur- 

 day by the Viper, and being anxious to have another race, 1 

 hereby challenge Mr. Jarvis to sail the Aideen against the Viper 

 a series of three races for $50 a side. The first race to take place 

 next Saturday, when the Aideen sails the Stella, and I am satis- 

 fied to sail the race on lhe old conditions, with the exception of 

 the wind, which will have to be taken as it comes.— Wm. Bc~ru"- 

 SIDH, Captain Aideen." 



GALATEA.— This cutter yacht, with her owner (Lieut Henn) 

 and Mrs. Henn, arrived in the Shannon on Oct. 8 from Plymouth, 

 after a wild passage. She got the first of Sunday's hurricane-like 

 wind, and was fortunate enough to be able to fetch an indifferent 

 harbor on the Kerry coast— Smerwiek by name. The holding 

 ground was none of the best, and there was a heavy swell setting 

 into the harbor. In the height of the terrific squalls which swept 

 down from the high mountains, grave doubts were felt as to 

 whether she could hold on; however, with two anchors ahead, 75 

 fathoms on one and 60 fathoms on the other, she rode it out all 

 right. But it was an anxious time for those on board, for if the 

 ground tackle failed us, it was all up with them, and no ohanee 

 of saving life. Outside the harbor is a small island 90ft, high; the 

 sea was making a clean breach over it, and the rebound from 

 cliffs 600ft. high was something to see,— Field, Oct. 12. 



THE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME EXHIBITION. - On 

 Nov. 9 there will be opened in Mechanics' Hall, Boston, an ex- 

 hibition of everything pertaining to shipping and yachting. 

 , Among other interesting features will be a large canal, in which 

 Lawley & Son have built a reproduction of the topsides of the 

 Burgess schooner Quickstep. The canal will also "eon tain life- 

 boats, launches and small craft of all kinds. The exhibition will 

 be open for two months. 



THE INTERNATIONAL MARINE CONFERENCE.— The In- 

 ternational Marine Conference, including delegates from twenty 

 different governments, met at Washington on Oct. 16, and will 

 continue in session until Jan. 1. The programme of subjects 

 which will be discussed was published in the Forest and Stke !lM 

 of May 33. 



WONA— This fast little cutter, whose lines were published in 

 the Forest and Stream of Nov. 22, is offered for sale in another 

 column, her owner having purchased the 28ft. cutter Marguerite, 

 designed by Mr. J. Borden, of Boston. 



GORILLA.— Mr. R. P. Carroll, owner of Gorilla, sailed last 

 week for Europe en route to Zanzibar, whence he will start with 

 two friends on a hunting expedition in the interior of Africa, re- 

 turning next season. 



SCHOONER WANTED.— Attention is called to the advertise- 

 ment for a schooner yacht in another column. 



NEW YORK jr. C— The regular October meeting will be held 

 to night at the club house. 



Forest and Stream, Box 3,833, N. Y. city, has descriptive illus- 

 trated circulars of W. B. Letting well's book, "Wild Fowl Shoot- 

 ing," which will be mailed free on request. The book is pro- 

 nounced by "Nanit," "Oloan," "Dick Swiveller," "Sybilleue" and 

 other competent authorities to be the beat treatise on the subject 

 extant 



fU/mtaqing. 



Secretaries of canoe clubs are requested to send to Forest and 

 Stream their addresses, with name, membership, signal, etc., of 

 their clubs, and also notices in advance of meetings and races, and 

 report of the same. Canoeists and all interested in canoeing are 

 reauested to forward to Forest and Stream their addresses, with 

 logs of cruises, maps, and information concerning their local 

 waters, drawings or descriptions of boats and liftings, and all items 

 relating to the sport. 



AMERICAN CANOE ASSOCIATION. 



Officers, 1887-8S. 



Commodore: H. C. Rogers ) p ptprhr , rn , lff i, p„ n 



Secretary-Treasurer: Geo. W. Hatton \ Peterborough Can. 

 Vice-Corn. Rear-Cmn. Purser. 



Central Div..W. R. Huntington. TC. W. Hasten T. H. Stryker, 



Rjme, N. Y. 



Atlantic Di v. W. P. Stephens L. B. Palmer F.L. Dunnell, 



186 Jerolemon St., Brooklyn. 



N'thern Div. .RobertTvson S. S. Robinson Colin Praser, Toronto. 



Eastern Dlv..H. E. Bice. 3C D Maxt.on Holmes H. D Marsh, 



Springfield, Mass. 



Applications for memOershlp must be made to division pursers, accom- 

 panied by the recommendation of an active member and the sum of $2.00 

 for entrance fee and dues for current, year. Every member attending 

 the general A. C. A. camp shall pay $1.00 for camp expense," Application 

 sent to the Sec'y-Treas. will be forwarded by him to the proper Division. 



Pel-sons residing In any Division and wishing to become members of 

 the A. C A., will be furnished with printed forms ot application by address- 

 ing the Purser. 



WESTERN CANOE ASSOCIATION. 



Commodore— C. J. Stedman. Cincinnati, Ohio. 

 Vlce-Oommorlore— T. J. Kirknatriek. Snritisrfield, O. 

 Rear-Commodore- Thus. S. Gates, Columbus, O. 

 Secretory-Treasurer— J. B. Keogh, Chicago, 111 



THE "MINI" TENT. 



UP to the day when my dear friend and partner bought a 

 beastly, worn out steamer, which he (an old bachelor) named 

 Freya (goddess of love), our trips to our plantations of poplars 

 and' willows in the ParanA Mini* were made in his flat-bottomed 

 boat named No hagas daflo (i. e. don't commit nuisance). These 

 boats of the Parana Delta are a kind of sharpie with sharp stern 

 and bow, but without centerbnard. On our trips I used to tease 

 mv friend by bringing with me a dagger leeboard of 2 meters 

 (6ft.) long, and 0.30 meters (1ft ) wide, well-greased and sharp- 



edged. This boat did not sail any worse for it nor did we sleep 

 worse, for the reason of my tent, than we used to do before my 

 having it made. 



I'll never forget one night we slept, or rather did not sleep, at 

 the mouth of Parana de las Palmes, moored to a willow, with 

 water in the boat and on shore, and any amount of mosquitoes in 

 tbe air. We alternately covered our dear good selves with rugs 

 and ponchos against the mosquitoes and uncovered ourselves on 

 account of heat and perspiration. It was that, very night my 

 plan for the "Mini" tent ripened to about 75 per cent, of what it 



is. Once ashore I hegan to think, and draw, and think, (1 am an 

 architect, mind) until I hit upon the thing of which I send the 

 accompanying designs. I have tried it and think it is a success. 

 (Mark Twain says, '"Every cow thinks the same of her own calf.") 

 The requirements to satisfy were: (1). room for two men to sleep; 

 (2), easy setting up and stowing by one man; (3), woodwork not 

 over 1.20 meters (3ft, Sin.) long; (4), no pegs or poles to be set into 

 the ground; (5), absolute security against mosquitoes; (6), ventila- 

 tion or absolute watertightness, according to weather; (7). en- 

 trance to close automatically against mosquitoes; (8), easy shifting 

 from one place to another without disarming (pulling to pieces). 



Modesty apart (like Mark Twain's cow), I think my "Mini" has 

 these qualities: The wooden skeleton consists of 9 pieces, 6 of 

 which are of one pattern and the other three are also of the same 

 pattern. Put together they form a prism whose basis is an equi- 

 lateral triangle of 2 meters (6ft.) side and whose length is also 2 

 meters. All wood parts are jointed together like scissors and are 

 made rigid in the expanded position by means of two pins. 



The frame is put together in one minute, the thumb-screws 

 setting everything rigid. The cloth is then thrown over the frame 

 and the two lower edges tied to the foot beam from the inside of 

 tent. The gable sides of tent have their halves overlapping and 

 tied crossways so that a person wanting to enter or exit pulls 



*"Mini" means "email" in Guarani language* 



cloth apart in the inside line and shoves himself through: the 

 sides close immediately on account of elasticity. The oiled floor- 

 cloth is tied at the four corners, or if preferred, all along the 

 four edges. I think the drawings explain the whole better than 

 words, especially when written by people who, like myself, are not 

 masters in the language they make use of. Carlos' Adtgelt 

 Buenos Ayres. 



SOME MORE SNIPS FROM AND ANOTHER 

 SNAP AT THE '89 MEET. 



PART I. 



THE tents at an A. C. A. meet, like the men who inhabit them, 

 are of all sorts and conditions, but that is where the resem- 

 blance, coverings and covered, ends, for the men all have an 

 affinity for tbe canoe, and that is exactly what the great majority 

 of tbe tents have not, The tents at the '89 meet were no exception 

 to the general rule; there were A tents, wall tents, round tents, 

 round-ended tents, pavilion tents, pyramid tents, tents as big as a 

 house and as small as a dog kennel, and there was little that was 

 new and less tha,t was admirable about the whole lot. The heavy 

 rams of the first week searched out the weak places in the tents 

 very effectively, however, and it is not improbable that a .good 

 many men who have been aroused to the necessity of paving some 

 attention to their tents by a wet bed. will during this winter 

 waste a certain degree of the gray matter of their brain in devis- 

 iDg new camp shelters. 



Scott, of Ottawa, brought the fine big round- ended wall teut 

 which he had at Lake George last year, down the Rideau with 

 him, and it, was perhaps the best tent of its kind in camp. This 

 tent has but one pole, and yet it is big enough for half a dozen. It 

 has a high wall, a steeply pitched roof, and Scott manages to 

 carry it all over the country in a sixteen-foot open canoe. 



The Torontos' pyramid tent is simple enough in all conscience; 

 it has but one pole, a bamboo, light iron or steel pins, and it fur- 

 nishes room for two. As matters now are it is probably the most 

 serviceable, shore canoe tent in use. It is certainly a better tent 

 than the square- headed oiled affairs the TJbiques use, and it is 

 simpler, lighter and better adapted to turn a heavy rain than the 

 Brooklyn square, header, even if this last is provided with Mr. 

 Carter's extending joint expansion gear. One thing ex-Com- 

 modore Wilkin has about his tent gear that is quite admirable, 

 and that is a steel tent peg that will drive anywhere and bold in 

 anything. It is made from a piece of three-quarters by th ree- 

 sixteenths flat steel, and has a looped head and a cannulated 

 shank. Like all good pegs it is not easy to draw, but it drives 

 easily and it will hold in sand. 



The Jabber had a very pretty little wall tent in camp that he 

 says he made himself , and if the fittings were fined down I be- 

 lieve such a tent as this could be made that would be, as an all- 

 around tent, superior to the Toronto pyramid. The way the Jab- 

 ber had that tent set up was as ingenious as simple. He had a 

 floor— everybody had floors this year— and on top of this floor a 

 wall one board high the size of the tent was erected. The uprig'b t 

 poles were nailed to this wall, and the edge of the sod cloth was 

 attached to it ail round, so that the Jabber slept in a box with a 

 cotton roof. This was a very comfortable, arrangement tire -Jab- 

 ber found, but there were certain jealous ones in the camp who 

 envied him his serenity, and they did plot and conspire to destroy 

 it, These evil ones waited until the famous night came when "the 

 Commodore was in New York," and then they gathered to them- 

 selves many kindred spirits, picked up the tent, floor, walls, trunk 

 and all, and carried it bodily up Yonge street to the headquarters 

 pavilion. After much trouble it was placed within that struc- 

 ture, and with many a chuckle at their ingenuity and many an 

 admiring glance at their handiwork the conspirators were gath- 

 ering about the camp-fire, when the Jabber, who of course nad 

 been over at Squaw Point all the evening, appeared, and took in 

 the whole situation at a glance. 



When the Jabber began, "Well, now, if moving mo up to head- 

 quarters is not showering honors upon my unworthy shoulders to 

 an extent that," etc., the plot dissolved into thin air, and it was 

 the conspirators, not the new vice-commodore of the Central 

 Division that were sold. 



There were quite a number of one-pole pavilion tents, with 

 striped sides, gaily painted poles and very flat roofs, in camp, and 

 I think 1 am safe in saying that not one of these tents proved 

 watertight during the heavy rains of the first week. The pitch of 

 their roofs was not sufficient to permit the water to run off from 

 the upper side of the canvas, and in consequence it dripped down 

 into tne tent from the line of juncture between roofs and walls. 

 This was particularly the ca.se with those tents, the roof of which 

 were extended by a square frame, and I do not believe that this 

 description of tent can do other than leak in wet weather. In 

 my opinion, a canoeist's shore, lent should have plenty of room 

 for two, not more, and be high enough in the walls to' permit of 

 the use of low cots. It should be small in bulk, with the shortest 

 and lightest pedes possible, have plenty of ventilators, a steep! v- 

 pitched roof, so as to be dry under all conditions without being 

 waterproofed or of too heavy material. If it is of such a form as 

 will permit of its walls being raised to allow of the interior being 

 thoroughly dried by wind and sun, and of an awning being set up 

 in front of it, so much the better. An awning or fly may he a 

 luxury, but it is one that adds much to the comfort and complete- 

 ness of a meet camp. How to get all these good qualities into 

 one rather small tent without making it a hard camp to set up, is 

 the problem for the inventive geniuses to solve. So far as I know 

 there is not a tent extant that combines all of these good qualities, 

 and there are but few who have more than two or three of them. 



This year, several events that formed an important part of the 

 old-time meets were omitted from both the general and the re- 

 gatta programme, not as far as 1 can see with a good effect upon 

 either. The illuminated parade, one of the most enjoyable 

 features of a meet, had this year to be abandoned, because of bad 

 weather, and the review of the fleet, which was dropped in '88 

 because, the regatta spread over its allotted time, was not 

 even spoken of this year. It would I think be a decided loss if 

 these two events, perhaps the most picturesque portions of a 

 meet, should be denuitly abandoued. The fleet review is in par- 

 ticular an event that works only for good, it is the ouly possible 

 recognition by the fleet as such, of the authority of its commo- 

 dore, and it brings the canoes of the A.C.A. together for once on 

 a friendly footing. The two principal omissions from the regatta, 

 programme were the club and the maneuvering races, and 1 

 do not think that the programme was the better because 

 of this. The maneuvering race is a particularly good race, quite 

 as good if not a better race than the sailing upset, and it 

 always brings out a full list of entries. The club race is also 

 a good race in every way, and has a tendency for good, in that it 

 encourages clubs to come to the A. C. A. meet as clubs, and is an 

 incentive to club esprit lie corps. Although it would be perhaps 

 better for the club race that it should he in the future what it was 

 in the past, a special race, there is nothing to prevent the prize 

 for it being given upon the result in the unlimited. The maneuv- 

 ering race should, however, be a special race, that is unless it is 

 considered advisable to sacrifice a good race in the hope of mak- 

 ing a better one by combining the maneuvering and upset sailing, 

 and so making a species of general expert race of it. The tourna- 

 ment had also to be abandoned owing to the absence of lances, 

 and although thetug-of-war and the gymnastics of this year were 

 decidedly good, they do not replace the great game of splash. 



Wednesday of the racing week is by time-honored precedent 

 the day when the A. C. A. abandons its comforts in order to give 

 amusement and p" 

 who can 

 for any t—- 



set apart for the annual review and the expert events, such as 

 the upset paddling, upset sculling and maneuvering races, the 

 tournament, gymnastics, the tug of war and perhaps the hurry 

 scurry also, the visitors would be given something to look at 

 besides the tent interiors, the A. C. A. men would get something 

 to do, close to camp, and in such a way that tney could still show 

 every attention to their visitors, and what is now, to put It mildly, 

 a very wearisome day, might be converted into a very enjoyable 

 one. 



Canoeing is in all its phases one of the most picturesque of 

 sports, and it is therefore natural that the canoe and the camera 

 should become close allies. This year every second man in camp 

 had a camera of some kind or other, and the snap of the shutter 

 was heard in the camp from morning till night. There is every 

 reason why this alliance should be preserved, the canoe gives the 

 camera plenty of good subjects, the camera furnishes tbe canoe 

 with enthusiasm-producing pictures, and therefore one assists 

 the other might! y. I kuow from personal experience that all the 

 canoe talk wnich a possible novice can be induced to give ear to, 

 will have less effect in bringing him to the canoe-buying point, 

 than one photograph such as Stoddard's plate of the Dimple, of 

 last year, and a set of A. C. A. views has an effect upon the un- 

 initiated that in some cases is a little short of magical. Tbe 

 alliance has now become so close that I think the camera should 

 be Teeognized by the A. O. A. at least to this effect, that a simple 

 but effective dark room be built by it for the benefit of the camera 

 man. Such a room would cost little; it would be a great conveni- 

 ence to all photophiends, and through them to the camp. 



The pieturesque appearance of the camp owes a good deal to 

 the strings of flag3 that decorate every available vantage ground 



