384 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[Dec. 5, 1889. 



Indians of Vancouver Island, signifies "very white," 

 while Mullukhtlaw, as it is called by those of Seymour 

 Narrows, means "white beast." 



As the local names are all misleading, for the reason 

 that the animal is neither a sheep nor a goat, nor an ibex, 

 it is a pity that some one of those employed in the books 

 could not come into general use, for two or three of them 

 are very striking and characteristic. Schreber's name, 

 "wool antelope," iS one of these, so is "white antelope," 

 "mountain antelope," and others. Br eh m calls it "snow 

 goat," "white goat" and "mountain goat." 



In the synonomy set down below I cannot hope to have 

 given all the references to this remarkable animal. My 

 opportunities for consulting any satisfactory zoological 

 library have been very limited, confined in fact to a very 

 few hours spent in Washington libraries during two brief 

 visits within the last year, and while I have turned over 

 many books in my efforts to get all the references possible, 

 yet I have been wholly unable to go into the bibliography 

 of this species with that thoroughness which the subject 

 deserves. I am especially conscious that I have failed to 

 record any considerable part of the references to this 

 antelope which are scattered through the fugitive litera- 

 ture of sport. If those who see this paper and who 

 notice these omissions will kindly call my attention to 

 them, I shall be greatly indebted, and such references will 

 be supplied if this and the succeeding papers on this sub- 

 ject should appear worthy later to be published in more 

 permanent form. 



I wish here to express my indebtedness to Dr. C. Hart 

 Merriam, the accomplished chief of the Bureau of Econ- 

 omic Ornithology of the Department of Agriculture, who 

 has kindly looked over my synonymy, and has verified 

 a number of references which I have been unable to see 

 myself. 



Synonymy of Mazama montana. 



Ovis montana, Ord, Guthrie's Geography (2d Am. ed.) II., 

 1815, pp.' 292 and 309. — Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., 

 Phil., L, i, 1817, pp. 8-12. — Journ. de Phys., 

 lxxxv., 1817, p. 333. — Tilloch's Phil. Mag., 'Hi, 

 1818, pp. 8-11, fig. of horn. 



Antilope (Rwpieapra) americana, Blainville, Nouv. Bull. 

 Soc. Philom., 1816, pp. 73 and 80. 



Mazama sericea and dorsata, Raf. Am. Monthly Mag., II., 

 1817, p. 44. 



Rupicapra americana, Ord. Journ. de Phys., lxxxvii., pp. 



146-155, Paris, 1818. 

 Antilope americana, Desmarest Mamm., II., 1822, p. 478. 

 Antilope lanigera, C. Ham. Smith, Linn. Trans., XIH., 



1822, p. 38, pi. IV.— Boston Journal Philos. and 



Arts. Vol. L. 1824, pp. 338-40 (Reprint from Linn. 



Trans.).— Isi's von Oken, 1826, col. 96-7. —Griff. 



Cuv. IV., 1827, pp. 286-9, (plate).— Liiben, Natur- 



geschichte der Saugethiere, 1S4S. p. 799.— Giebel, 



Saugethiere, 1855, p. 303.— Wagner in Schreb. 



Saugethiere, I., 1855, 460. 

 Capra montana, Harlan Faun. Am., 1825, p. 253, fig. of horn. 



— Godman Am. Nat. Hist., Vol. II., p. 325 (plate). 



—Harlan Med. and Phys. Researches. Phil. 1835, 



pp. 63-67 (figure). — Sundevall Kong. Svensk. 



Vetens Handl. for 1844.— Archiv Skand. Beit. H., 



1850, p. 279. 



Antilope (Aplocerus) lanigera, C. Ham. Smith, Griff. Cuv., 

 V., 1827, p. 354. 



Antilope (Aplocerus) mazama., C. Ham. Smith, Griff., Cuv. 

 V., 1827, p. 354. 



Antilope lanata, C. Ham. Smith, Feruss. Bull. Sci. Nat., 

 Paris, 1824, p. 375 (from Linn. Trans.).— Lesson. 

 Man. de Mamuialogie. Paris, 1827, p. 388.— Ben- 

 nett, Cat. Mam. Zool. Soc. 1828, 14 fig., and 1829, 

 18 fig. 



Capra columhiana, Desmoulins Diet. Classique d'Histoire 



Naturelle, III., pp. 580-1. 

 Capra (?) Columbiana, Fischer, Synopsis Mamm., 1829, p. 487. 

 Aplocerus, Swains. Nat. Hist, and Classif. Quad., London. 



1835, 380.— Brehm. Thierleben, Saugethiere, HI. 



p. 335. 



Mazama, D'Orbigny, Diet. Univ. D'Hist. Nat., Paris, 1846, 

 40. 



Antilope (Haplocerm) lanigera, Wagner, Suppl. Schreb 



Saugethiere, 1843; p. 462. 

 Aplocerus lanigera, J. Wilson. Encyc. Brit., VIII. ed. XIV , 



211,1857. 



Capra americana, Rich. F. Bor. Am.. I., 1829, p. 268, plate 

 XXII.— Ogilby Proc. Zool. Soc, IV., 1836. p. 137. 

 —Richardson, J. Report on N. A. Zool., Report 

 of Sixth Meeting Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. for 1836, 

 Vol, V., 1837, p. 161.— Baird. Rep. TJ. S. Pat. Off. 

 Agricultural for 1851 (1852), pp. 120-121, (plate f rom 

 Rich.).— Aud. and Bach., Viv. Quad. X. Am., Vol. 

 III., 1853, p. 128, pi. exxviii.— Maximilian zu Wied, 

 Reise in Nord Amerika, Saugethiere, Berlin, 1862 

 p. 231. 



Capra lanigera, Schinz, Saugethiere, 1S45, II., pp. 468-9. 



Mazama americana ', Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, 1850, p. 19. 



— Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond.', XVI II. , 1850, p. 136! 

 Ibid. Cat. Bones of Mam., Brit. Mus., 24, London, 

 1862.— Ibid. Cat. Rum. Mam., 41, London. 1872.— 

 Ibid. Hand list Bdent., Thick-skinned and Rum. 

 Mam., Brit. Mus., Ill, London, 1873. 



Aplocerus ameneanus, Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond 

 XVHI., 1850, p. 174. (Meeting misdated July 9, 

 1851 instead of 1850.) 



Aplocerus montanus, Rich. Zool. of Herald; Fossil Mam- 

 mals, II., 1852, pp. viii + 131-8, plates XVI. -XIX 

 (Osteological).— Baird, Cat. N. A. Mam., chiefly 

 in Smiths. Inst., Wash.. 1857, p. 19 [=p. xlvi Vol 

 VIII. Pac. R.R. Rents.]— IbidPac. R.R. Rep. Vol. 

 VIII., pp. 671-672, Wash. 1857.— Suckley, U S P 

 R.R. Exp. andSurv. 47th Par. , Vol. XII., Part II 

 No. 2, Chap. II., p. 106, Washington. I860.-- Gibbs 

 and Suckley, U. S. P. R.R. Exp. and Surv., 47th 



Par Vnl YTT DaW TT -\T„ o ni 7 it **' .kT 



of Sen. on Great Mackenzie Basin'. Ottawa, 1888 

 p. 263.— Shields, Cruisings in the Cascades, Chi- 

 cago, 1889, p. 236. 



Haplocerm montanus, Baird, A J. Sci. XXVI., 1858 p 145 

 —Flower and Garson, Cat. Oste. Vert. An' Mus 

 R. C. Surg., H., p. 257, London, 1884.— Bell Proc 

 Zool. Soc, p. 579, 1887.— Loder, Proc. Zool Soc ' 

 p. 58, 1889. ' 



Aploceras montanus, Cooper, Am. Nat. II., pp. 537-8 1869 

 (1868-9). 



Aplocerus columhianus, Cones and Yarrow Rept. Exp and 

 Surv. West of 100th Meridian, Vol. V , Zool 

 Chap. II,, p. 68, Wash., 1875.— Hallock's Sports- 

 man's Gaz., p. 40, New York, 1877.— "Mowitch" 

 fflf^fi 187a °" Hughes) ' FoBEST AOT) Stream, 



Haplocerus laniger, A. W. , Encyc. Brit., IX. ed., Vol. 



II.. 1878, p. 102.— Standard Nat. Hist., Boston, 1884, 

 Vol. V., p. 343. 



Mazama montana. Gill, Internat. Exhib., List of Useful or 

 Injurious Mammals, p. 5. Wash. 1876.— Goode, 

 Bull. IT. S. Nat. Mus., 14, Wash., 1879, p. 7. 

 —True, Proc. Nat. Mus. List of Mammals, etc., 

 Washington, 1884, p. 8.— Allen, Rept. Exp. to 

 Copper. Tanana and Koyukuk Rivers, Wash., 

 1887, p. 150. — Grinnell, Forest and Stream, 

 XXX., 328.— Shufeldt, Ibid. XXX., 472. 



Rocky Mountain Sheep, Jameson, Trans. Wern. Soc. of 

 Edin., Vol. III., p. 306. 



Mountain Sheep, Lewis and Clark, Exped. to Rocky Moun- 

 tains and Pacific Coast, Vol. II., pp. 149 and 169, 

 Phil. andN. Y., 1814. 



Rocky Mountain Goat, Lord, Student and Intellect. Vol. 



I., 1868, pp. 14-21, (colored plate).— Baird, Agri- 

 cultural Report, Wash., 1868, pp. 218-219.— Merrill, 

 Proc U. S. Nat. Mus., Wash., 1879., II., pp. 283-4. 

 — Bendire, Forest and Stream, XXIV. . 84. Bail- 

 lie-Grohman, Century Mag., 1884, XXIX., 193. 



Mountain Goat, Wood, in Wayne's Four Years in Brit. 



Col. and Vancouver Isl., London, 1862, p. 417. — 

 Batty. Forest and Stream. X.. 421.— Fannin, 

 Ibid. XYI.,64-5.— Ibid.XVIL, 445.— U.S.A. (pseu- 

 donym), Ibid. XVIII., 187.— "Stalker" (pseudo- 

 nvm, (?) W. A. Baillie-Grohman), Field (Lon- 

 don), LX., 408.— Fannin, Forest and Stream, 

 XX., 202-3.— Ibid, XXIV., 62.— Garman. Ibid 

 XXIV., 125 (erroneous).— W. N. B.lyers], Ibid 



XXIV. , 125.— Reed, Ibid XXV., 44.— W. B. A., 

 Ibid XXVIII., 153.— "Nica" (pseudonym, W. E. 

 Carlin), Ibid XXX., 430. 



White Goat, Geo. H. Wyman, Forest and Stream, XII., 

 307.— Bendire, Ibid. XIII., 525 [volume wrongly 

 paged]. — "Ten-Bore" (pseudonym). Ibid. XVIII., 

 145.— "Mesatchip" (pseudonym), Ibid. XXm., 45. 

 —Hughes, Ibid. XXIV., 26. — Baillie-Grohman, 

 Ibid. XXIV., 468.— Griffin, Ibid. XXV., 82.— Fan- 

 nin, Ibid. XXV., 144.— Hughes, Ibid. XXV, 325.— 

 Griffin, Ibid. XXV.. 335,-Schultz, Ibid. XXVII., 

 443, 462.— Fannin, Ibid. XXVIII., 66. 



Antelope Goat, Baillie-Grohman, Forest and Stream, 



XXV. , 225. 



■■SIii i of the Pacific Coast Indians, and generally of the 

 white population of western British Columbia 

 and northern Washington; also, to a less extent, 

 of Indians and whites of the northern Rocky 

 Mountains. 



"Ibex" of the whites in certain parts of Montana, Idaho and 

 California. 



Apuh'-niah-kce-kinna of the Blackfoot Indians. 

 Wa-pa-tik of the Cree Indians. 



Kiohait-lii of the Partlage, or Com ox, Indians of Van Cou- 



ver Island, British Columbia. 

 Mullulihtla w of the Yokwiltulth or Seymour Narrows (B.C.) 



Indians. 



Hohli-solken of the Squawmisht Indians of southwestern 



British Columbia. 

 Shogkhli't of the Similkameen Indians. 

 P'ka'lakal of the Ft. Hope, B. C. (Fraser River) Indians. 

 Matte of the Tsimpsheans (Fort Simpson, B. C.) Indians. 

 Mut of the Skidigate Indians of the Northwest coast. 

 Taculp Sheep of the Indians of the interior of British 



Columbia. 



Illustration: Partington's Brit. Cyclopaedia Nat. Hist., 

 Vol. 11., 1836, fig. facing p. 641. [This figure 

 (slightly modified from Landseer's in Richard- 

 son's Fauna Boreali- Americana) is one of several 

 on the same page, illustrating the article "Goat." 

 But there is no reference to the Rocky Mountain 

 Goat in the text.] Geo. Bird Grinnell. 



NOTES ON THE SNOWY OWL. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



In your issue of Nov. 28 mention is made of the snowy 

 owl, and one of your correspondents asks for information 

 in regard to winter home of this bird. I will give data 

 concerning three birds taken in this vicinity during the 

 present month. 



A female shot with a rifle Nov. 7, near Martinsburgh, 

 Lewis county, N. Y. A male shot with rifle Nov. 14, 

 near Denmark, Lewis comity, N. Y. Pellets in stomach 

 of both, ready to be disgorged, consisted of mouse fur 

 and bones. 



Another female was wounded and captured alive Nov. 

 26 in town of Watson, Lewis county, and is now in pos- 

 session of C. P. Kirby, M.D., of Lowville, N. Y. (Lewis 

 county). I may state on good authority that this is their 

 first appearance since 1886 in this section. But during the 

 late fall and early winter of that year as many as ten or 

 a dozen of these birds were taken in this vicinity. Dr. 

 Kirby, before referred to, tells me that he has a bird of 

 this species mounted, which is so white that when C. 

 Hart Merriam, M.D., saw it, he ventured the conjecture 

 that it is an albino. Osceola. 



Northern New York, Nov. 30. 



Death from Skunk Bite.— Hot Sulphur Springs, Col., 

 Nov. 13.— Editor Forest and Stream: Attached I send a 

 clipping giving account of death from skunk bite: " A spe- 

 cial from Baldwin, Kansas, says: About two weeks ago 

 Joseph Drury, while out hunting, ran his hand into a hole 

 in a stump after what he thought was a rabbit, when he 

 was severely bitten by a skunk. The hand and arm be- 

 came very painful and swelled considerably. Day before 

 yesterday he became delirious and showed symptoms of 

 hydrophobia. He rapidly grew worse, and yesterday 

 went from one convulsion to another , until 10 o'clock last 

 night, when he died in great agony.'' About a week 

 earlier I saw a similar paragraph giving account of death 

 by hydrophobia from the bite of a wildcat. A fine cow 

 elk was led through here a few days ago. — Wh, N. 

 Byers. 



The Washington Zoological Park Site has been 

 selected by Secretary Noble, Com. Douglass and Prof. 

 Longley. The land comprises a tract of 166 acres, lying 

 along Rock Creek. The prices asked by the present hold- 

 ers aggregate $106,486. It is probable that the President 

 will approve the report of the Commission, and that the 

 work of preparing the park will be undertaken in the 

 near future. 



Snowy Owls in Maine.— Millbridge, Me., Dec— Since 

 Nov. 16 I have shot five snowy owls on Petit Manan 

 Island, and one black-backed gull. I have seen nine 

 owls this fall; they are very wild. A black duck is tame 

 compared to them. — W. D. U. 



0mm §ng mid (j§mf. 



Antelope and Deer of America. By J. D. Caton, 

 Price $2,50, Wing and Glass Ball Shooting with the 

 Rifle. By W. C. Bliss. Price 50 cents. Rifle, Rod and 

 Gun in California. By T. S. Van Dyke. Price $1.50. 

 Shore Birds. Price 15 cents. 



GOOD LUCK ON A FRIDAY, 



FOREST AND STREAM is always a welcome visitor 

 with me, for through it I get many useful hints and 

 become acquainted with some of my fellow men who, 

 like myself, find great pleasure in the use of the rifle. 

 My business did not allow me to spend much time out on 

 the mountains this fall, but I have, however, taken time 

 enough to bag seven fine deer since the last week in Sep- 

 tember. The last day's hunt was on the 23d of Novem- 

 ber, and although it was on a Friday (which some people 

 superstitiously call an unlucky day) I had such complete 

 success that I am tempted to let you know of it. 



A little after nine o'clock I saddled my favorite horse, 

 and with a small lunch (which my good wife put up for 

 me) in my pocket, I took my favorite for big game, the 

 Martini-Henry .45-85-480 Government rifle, which I have 

 used for several years. Twelve o'clock found me on a 

 part of the mountains where I have killed dozens of deer, 

 but there was no sign of deer except tracks about three 

 days old. I decided that if I was to have fresh venison 

 that day I must go about two miles further back, on to 

 and back of another SYmr of the mountains, where the 

 deer in this particular locality seem to resort whenever 

 there are a few days of mild weather through the fall 

 and winter months, and especially when the wind pre- 

 vails from the south and west. A brisk ride over rocky 

 ridges, across gullies, through occasional brush and some 

 fallen timber, and in some cases good although very 

 crooked traveling (all of which my horse is very well 

 used to and able for), soon found me where I was looking 

 at the tracks of three deer, comparatively fresh. These 

 I followed some little distance on horseback when I dis- 

 mounted, and after securely tying the horse to a tree, mi- 

 limbered my rifle, and with eyes and ears as sharp, and 

 step about as light and careful, as any Indian in the 

 country, I followed the tracks of the deer, expecting to 

 see their hair on the sunny side of the mountain spur, 

 but I must have been about an hour too late to find them. 



The snow was off in many places, and I began to 

 wonder where the deer could have gone to to lie down 

 (which I felt sure they had done), when, going along 

 very carefully and looking everywhere in the gully be- 

 neath and on the mountain slope beyond the gully, as 

 well as on the spur which I was on among the rocks, my 

 eyes suddenly caught an ob ject in a sinall clear place 

 under a fir tree in the bottom of the gully. It resembled 

 a deer lying down with its head up. It was too far to 

 distinguish hair, being all of 300ft. lower than I was, and 

 as near as I could judge all of 275yds. from where I stood. 

 I quickly decided to shoot and find out if it was a deer 

 or not. So I shoved the sight up to something over 

 200yds., knowing that the rifle would be likely to carry a 

 little high, as I was all of 300ft. above the level the deer 

 was on, if it was a deer. So dropping on one knee (my 

 favorite position when I want to make a careful shot at 

 game) I took as fine a bead at the middle of what proved 

 to be the neck of a deer, expecting that with the sights 

 where I had them the bullet would be more apt to fly 

 low a little and hit the body than to go higher than my 

 aim. The sun was shining nicely on me, but the mark 

 was in the shade of the opposite mountain, and I pressed 

 the trigger with as fine and careful a bead on the middle 

 of what I took for the neck as I ever did over the same 

 sights. When the smoke cleared away (which was very 

 quickly, I looked and the object was there just the same, 

 with the exception of the upright stem (that I had aimed 

 at) which was gone, and presently I saw a motion which 

 was one hindleg kicking. Then I knew it was a deer. 

 1 While I was looking I had slipped in another cartridge 

 and was about to rise off of my knee, when a larger ani- 

 mal than the other one ran up among some willow' brush 

 a few feet from the deer I had shot, with his head from 

 me, I quickly took another fine bead a little high up on 

 this one and fired again, when he dropped right down in 

 his bed and made the willows around him shake with hia 

 kicking. I could see that this one had horns, which were 

 turned from me as he had stood when I fired: and almost 

 before I thought what I was doing I had another bead 

 high up on him as he lay kicking and let drive another 

 bullet. The kicking stopped then and I rose up and com- 

 menced looking about as to the best way down to my 

 meat, when my eyes caught sight of the other doe (a few 

 yards lower down the gully from where my venison 

 lay) walking off rather stiff-legged, with head up, look- 

 ing all around, and sometimes stopping to look back, 

 evidently not understanding what it all meant. I stood 

 and admiringly watched her movements for some time 

 before I started down, but I did not attempt to shoot at 

 her, as I was sure that I had a little more meat already 

 in that ravine than was necessary. 



When I got down to my game, I found that the first 

 bullet had crashed through the middle of the slender 

 neck of the doe exactly where I had aimed; and she lay 

 right in her bed and had not so much as straightened her 

 front legs. And, strange as it may appear, my other two 

 bullets hit the buck in the neck less than' six inches 

 apart, the one went square through and the other one 

 came out of his left eye. 



These were the only three shots that I fired that day, 

 and I call them three lucky hits. I have killed many a 

 deer, but I never before killed two within a few feet of 

 each other without either of them knowing of my pres- 

 ence beforehand, or taking one step to walk or run. But 

 now that the shooting was over, the day's work was not 

 yet done. I dressed the two deer, a task which did not 

 take long, but to get back up to my faithful horse and 

 get him down to the meat; and to skin the doe a little 

 down on each side of the middle, and cut the meat across 

 and hack or break the backbone across the middle, so 

 that it would hang good across the saddle; and to get it 

 on to the horse and firmly tied with baling rope; and to 

 put the loose fat and hearts and livers of both deer into 

 the barrel or between the ribs; and to cut off the buck's 

 head and lay it on top, with the horns lying horizontally 

 and the fore part of head and nose down in the barrel of 

 the doe and firmly tied on — this was work that took me 

 until the evening shades were about me. I gathered the 

 buck's feet up under him as well as I could, and piled a 



