lit 



over the anterior surface of the patella in a deep groove, which is directed 

 downwards and outwards, underneath the outer head of the gastroc- 

 nemius ; it then passes underneath the vastus externus and biceps tendons, 

 becomes fleshy, and forms one of the origins of the flexor digitorum 

 Magnus: the length of this whole muscle, with its lower belly, is five feet. 

 On the back of the thigh are arranged the following muscles : — 

 Biceps — alarge fleshy muscle — arises from all that part of the prolonged 

 inferior spine of the ilium as far forward as the acetabulum, and separated 

 from the inferior edge of the bone by the origin of the semimembranosus. 

 In the female a small slip existed, attaching it to the posterior surface of 

 the femur, which did not appear in the male. The fibres converge to a 

 strong round tendon, which passes through a pulley, formed by the outer 

 head of the gastrocnemius, and lined by a synovial membrane, and is 

 inserted into the tubercle on the middle of the fibula : this muscle forms 

 the external boundary of the poplitseal space. 



Semitendinosus — long, flat, and triangular — arises by two fleshy slips 

 from the extremity of the posterior inferior spine of the ilium, and from 

 the tuber ischii and the great sciatic ligament ; the fibres converge, and 

 are inserted into the upper and back part of the inner side of the tibia 

 and tibial fascia ; an accessory muscular slip connects this tendon with 

 the insertion of the adductor magnus and the shaft of the femur. 



Semimembranosus arises from the inferior border of the posterior in- 

 ferior spine of the ilium, and from the border of the great sciatic 

 ligament ; the fibres are inserted into the lesser trochanter of the femur, 

 and into a fascial line as far as the inner condyle. A slip from its origin 

 in the female was attached to the side of the caudal vertebras. 



On the inner side of the thigh are arranged the following muscles : — 

 Obturator — a large, ovoidal, tendinous, and fleshy mass — arises from 

 both the inner and outer surface of the rami of the pubis and ischium ; 

 communicating through the obturator foramen ; all the fibres pass in the 

 direction of the long axis of the pelvis, converging towards the lesser 

 sciatic notch, which is almost entirely osseous, and is placed at the 

 junction of the ischium and ilium ; here it becomes tendinous, and passes 

 outwards and a little backward to be inserted into the outer and upper 

 part of the great trochanter. Its action is determined from the trochlear 

 surface of the notch or foramen over which it winds, which is invested 

 with synovial membrane ; within the pelvis it lies along the border of 

 the kidney. 



Gemellus superior — flattish, small — arises from the anterior edge of 

 the lesser sciatic notch, and is inserted by a thin flat tendon into the 

 great trochanter in front of the obturator. 



Gemellus inferior — smaller than the last — passes from the hinder 

 margin of the lesser sciatic notch to the trochanter, behind the obturator 

 tendon. These three muscles run in contact with the synovial mem- 

 brane of the hip, as the capsule is very imperfect beneath. 



Pectineus — a small flattish muscle — arises fleshy from the upper fifth 

 of the ramus of the pubis, and from the pectineal eminence ; the fibres 

 run forwards, downwards, and outwards, becoming tendinous, to be in- 



