233 



lieve to be the most ancient form of this word, for Gill-pmn (Elphin) 

 occurs in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick. So with uap and puap, 

 cold, and their derivatives, uap an and puapan, a cold spring, both 

 of which frequently enter into names, in the anglicised forms of Oran 

 and Poran. Pah an, on Lough S willy, is sometimes written pa cam, 

 and sometimes Gcam and Ocam, by the Pour Masters. 



The / has been omitted by aspiration in the names Lughinny, in 

 parish of Killahy, Kilkenny, and Lughanagh, in parish of Killosolan, 

 Galway (an phliucame, the wet land) ; and also in Ahabeg in parish 

 of Carrigparson, Limerick (an phaicce-beag, the little green). The / 

 has been affixed to the following words to which it does not radically 

 belong; pan for an. stay; popcail for opcail, open; piolap for 

 lolap, an eagle; pamne for amne, a ring, &c* It has also been 

 inserted in Culfeightrin, the name of a parish in Antrim, which is pro- 

 perly Cinl-eaccpann, the corner or angle of the strangers. Urny in 

 Tyrone is often called Purny, as in the record of Primate Colton's 

 Visit tion (1397), and the /is also prefixed in the Taxation of Down, 

 Connor, and Dromore (1306), both showing that the corruption is not 

 of recent origin. 



I must notice yet another change produced by the article. When 

 it is prefixed to a masculine noun commencing with a vowel, a t 

 should be inserted between it and the noun, as acaip, father — an 

 c-acaip, the father. In the case of a few topographical names, this t 

 has remained, and has become incorporated with the word. Por ex- 

 ample, Turagh in parish of Tuogh, Limerick, i. e. an c-iubpac, the 

 yew land; Tummeryin parish of Dromore, Tyrone, i. e. an c-iomaipe, 

 the ridge ; the original words are mbpac and lomaipe. The best 

 known example of this is Tempo in Fermanagh, which is called in Irish 

 an-c-lompo6 t)eipiol, iompodh meaning turning, and deisiol, dex- 

 trorsum — from left to right. The place received its name from the 

 ancient custom of turning sun-ways, i. e. } from left to right, in 

 worship. 



Under certain grammatical conditions, a t is also inserted before s, 

 when the article is prefixed, in which case the t only is heard in pro- 

 nunciation, the s not being sounded, though retained in correct writ- 

 ing. It is in consequence of this, that the word peabac a hawk 

 (pron. showk in the South) is commonly disguised as touh, as in Mo- 

 natouk in parish of Seskinan, W aterford (TTloin-a'-c-peabaic, the bog 

 of the hawk); pa^apc, a priest, frequently appears as taggart and teg- 

 gart, as in the very usual name Ballintaggart, baile-an-cpagaipc, 

 priest's town ; Sio&dn a fairy hill is often teeane and teeaune ; Seagal, 

 rye, appears as toggle and teggle ; peipceann, a marsh, as tesken ; and so 

 with several other words. 



* See Dr. Eeeves's "Primate Colton's Visitation," page 17. 

 E. I. A. PEOC. VOL. IX. 2 I 



