456 



scribed by Mr. Wood, from the lesser tubercle : of the former I have 

 notes of two cases, of the latter three instances have occurred in my 

 experience. In all cases but one which I have met with those anomalies 

 have been symmetrical. (7 ). An accessory head may pass from the great 

 pectoral to the short head, as in Hylobates; or (8), a similar slip may 

 run from the lesser pectoral to the same place : these latter probably 

 are about the rarest forms of supplemental origin. 



9. A radial origin for the flexor carpi radialis in place of, or in 

 conjunction with, the ordinary condyloid head, is another variety 

 which I have noticed. The aberrant slip in these cases sprang from 

 the bone, between the insertion of the pronator radii teres and the 

 radial origin of the flexor sublimis digitorum. In one instance, how- 

 ever, in which the pronator teres was destitute of a coronoid head, a 

 distinct tendinous slip passed downwards and forwards from the inner 

 lip of the coronoid process of the ulna, and was inserted into the outer 

 and deep surface of the radial flexor, being separated from the con- 

 dyloid origin of the muscle by the median nerve and the brachial 

 artery. 



10. The palmaris longus is frequently the seat of variation. I have 

 found it reversed ; its tendon being connected to the inner condyle, 

 and its lower end being fleshy for about two inches and a half, and in- 

 serted below into the annular ligament and palmar fascia ; but this 

 variety may rather be regarded as arising from the presence of a new 

 muscle ; the palmaris longus secundus taking the place of the obsolete 

 palmaris longus, as I have seen several times the two muscles present 

 in the one forearm — first the proper palmaris, and to its inner or 

 ulnar side the accessory muscle, as above described (Plate YIIL, fig. 1, 

 a, i). I have found an intermediate variety of this muscle, in which 

 the origin and insertion were tendinous, while the fleshy belly, two 

 inches long, had a central position (Plate VIII., fig. 2, c). These va- 

 rieties have, for the most part, been already recorded by Quain and 

 Cloquet. The site of origin of this muscle, likewise, may vary : I have 

 found it springing from the lowest noint of the condyle, under cover of 

 the flexor sublimis digitorum, or from the radius, in place of the radial 

 origin of that muscle. Its insertion I have seen connected by oblique 

 tendinous bands to the pisiform bone, external to the tendon of the 

 flexor carpi ulnaris. In other subjects I have seen a slip of the 

 flexor sublimis taking its place ; and sometimes, but very seldom, its 

 tendon was united below to that of the flexor carpi ulnaris, reminding 

 us of its position in the two- toed anteater, where, according to Meckel, 

 these two form but the one muscle. This latter condition I have seen 

 in two subjects. 



11. The flexor pollicis longus possesses frequently a condyloid and 

 occasionally a coronoid origin, which is sometimes large enough to pro- 

 duce by its tendinous intersection, where it unites with the radial 

 fibres, the appearance of a large digastric muscle, and this band in one 

 subject was a little complex in its relations. It sprung from the process 

 in the situation where usually the second head of the pronator teres 



