525 





Falcon 





Cara. 



Crane. 



Goose. 



Oz. 





Oz. 





Oz. 



Oz. 



Oz. 



3. Obturator externus, 0'03 



4. Obtur. hit emus, &c, 0*02 



0 



•03 





. 0-04 



. . 0-04 . 



. 0-12 



0 



'02 





. 0-03 



. . 0-02 . 





5. Gubernator caudce, 0 0'02 . 



0 



•02 





. 0-02 





. 0-20 



6. Glutceus maximus, d O'Ol . . 



0 



•01 





. 001 



. . 009 . 



. 1-07 



7. Glut (bus medius, e , 0 '04 . • 



o 



*04 





. O'lO 



. . 0-17 . 



. 0-78 



8. Glutceus minimus | q 



0 



•03 





. 0*03 



. . 0'04 . 



. 0-73 



(J/, quartus, ) 













9. Tensor vaginas ) 0 07 



0 



03 



• 



. 0-07 



. . — 



0-52 



femoris, ) 















10. Biceps femoris,^ . 0'08 . . 



Q 



'08 





. o-io 



. 0-16 . 



0-72 



XI. Semimembranosus,' 1 0 "02 . • 



o 



02 





. 0,05 



. . 0*09 . 



0-17 



12. Semitendinosus? . 0'03 



0 



03 





. 0-05 



. . 0'07 . 



0-07 



13. Gracilis,* . . . . 0'04 . . 



0 



03 





. 0-05 





o-ii 



14. Rectus femoris,* . — 















15. Vastus externus \ 









f 0 -13 \ 

 ' | 0 '03 j 



Crane. 

 Oz. 







et Vastus inter- \ 0 '13 . . 



0 



•11 





. . 0-30 . 



. 0-85 



nws, ) 









Cara. 

 Oz. 





16. Gastrocnemido-solceus, 







0-31 . 



. 018' 





a. Outer head, 





. 0 



09 





(Four heads). 





(3. Middle head 



• 



. o- 



06 







y. Inner head, 





. o- 



16 









0 31 



17. Plantaris, 0'01 .. — 



18. Tibialis anticus, — . 0*14 



e This muscle is quite distinct from the agitator caucke, and lies in a plane below it. In the Falcon 

 and Cara it takes origin from the transverse process of the large terminal caudal vertebra (plough- 

 share), and is inserted into the second fifth from the top of the linea aspera by means of a flat tendon ; 

 in the Goose it is inserted into the middle of the lower part of the glutceus medius ; and in the Duck 

 into the outer head of the fibula. 



d The glutceus maximus in the Falcon and Cara takes its origin from the edge of the ilium, in a 

 plane below that of the ten. tag. fern., for one-fourth of an inch in front of the acetabulum, and has 

 the usual insertion ; in the Crane its origin is from the post- acetabular edge of the ilium, and it is in- 

 serted by a broad tendon into the middle of the vastus externus and fascia of the outer side of the 

 thigh ; and in the Goose it is inserted into the fascia of the inner side of the knee. 



e The gl. medius has the usual insertion in the Falcon, Cara, and Crane ; but in the Goose and Duck 

 it is inserted into the middle of the linea aspera. 



f Quite separate in the Crane ; gl. min. = 0-01, gl. quartus = 0'03. 



s This small muscle, in conjunction with the sartorius, in most birds serves instead of a rectus fe- 

 moris. 



h The biceps femoris in the Falcon, Cara, and Crane, passes through the usual tendinous pulley at 

 the outer side of the lower end of the femur, and outer head of the gastrocnemius ; in the Goose and 

 Duck it is inserted into the tibia, at the inner side of the knee. 



• These muscles in the Falcon and Cara are inserted hy flat tendons into the tibia ; and in the 

 Crane they are also inserted into the upper tendinous portion of the inner head of the gastrocnemius. 



k This muscle, in the Falcon and Cara, takes origin from three-fourths of the length of the pubis 

 behind the acetabular prominence of that bone. 



1 There is a rectus femoris in the Falcon and Cara, arising from the ilium, in front of the acetabular 

 prominence of the pubis ; it is a fine delicate muscle, weighing 0-01 oz. in the Cara, and its tendon 

 passes obliquely across the front of the knee joint from within outwards, and, winding down into the 

 calf, forms one head of the first perforate flexor of the second toe, the muscular portion of which is con- 

 nected by muscular slips with the first perfo rate flexors of the third and fourth toes, and with the second 

 perforate flexor of the third toe. The weight of the first perforate flexor of the second or index toe 

 in the Cara, was 0'02. 



This muscle is thus described by Cuvier t — 



" II y a dans le lieu qu'occupe le pectineux des quadrupedes, un petit muscle grele, qui se prolonge 

 jusqu'au genou. Son tendon passe obliquement pardessus, et se glisse derriere la jambe pour s'unir 

 au flechisseur perfore du second et du cinquieme doigt."* 



Professor Owenf regards this muscle as the gracilis ; while he considers as rectus femoris the 

 muscle already described as tensor vagince femoris. 



* " Lecons d'Anatomie comparee," torn, i., p. 359. 

 t " Cyclopaedia of Anatomy," vol. L, p. 296. 

 K, I. A. PROC. YOL. IX. 3 Z 



