126 



clavicular being crossed and overlapped by the sternal head, the latter 

 being superficial to, and the former being crossed by the spinal accessory 

 nerve, which then lay beneath the cleido-occipitalis, and passed back to 

 the trapezius. Other examples of this muscle occurred, but none so 

 distinct nor so characteristic. "Within the present session (1867-8), I 

 have seen one instance of the cleido-occipital which is interesting, as 

 occurring in connexion with multiple variation ; it was in the neck of a 

 very fat female subject, and co-existed with a bi-laminar cleido-mastoid ; 

 a double sternal origin for the sterno-mastoid, composed of two parallel 

 tendinous slips ; a doable sterno-thyroid, whose fibres were prolonged 

 upwards to the os hyoides ; a sterno-hyoid, whose sole origin was from 

 the posterior surface of the sternal fourth of the clavicle, and a super- 

 numerary muscle, to be described afterwards, between the two latter. 

 This same subject possessed the accessory muscle on the back of the 

 neck described by Mr. Wood, namely, a flat fascicle from the tendon of 

 the serratus posticus superior to the transverse process of the atlas. In 

 it, likewise, the omohyoid arose from the second fourth of the clavicle 

 from the sternal end, and so lay directly external, and nearly parallel 

 to the sternohyoid, with which indeed it coalesced, for its upper third. 

 This muscle, likewise, was fleshy for its whole length, and had no trace 

 of a scapular origin. The cleido-occipital muscle has been described by 

 Mr. Wood ("Proceedings of the Eoyal Society," 1867, p. 519,) and he has 

 found it present in twelve out of thirty-four subjects, and all these were 

 symmetrical. In my experience, I have not seen it quite so common, 

 as I have only met with it once in every twelve subjects. I have seen, 

 however, much more frequently cleido-occipital fibres inseparable from 

 the cleido-mastoid. 



3. The levator glan dulse thyroidei of Sommering is perhaps scarcely 

 to be regarded as an anomaly, as its description is to be found in the 

 ordinary anatomical text books. I found it once attached to the pro- 

 minent angle of the pomum adami, and inserted into the apex of a 

 large pyramid of Lalouette ; the others were inserted into the fibrous 

 capsule of the lateral lobe of the thyroid body. 



4. This subject likewise possessed a kerato- cricoid like that de- 

 scribed by Merkel ("Anat. und Physiol, der menschlischen Stimme 

 und Sprachorgans," Leipzig, 1857, p. 132). This muscle has been 

 also noticed by Bochdalek (" Oesterreich. Zeitschrift," 1861, ~No. 4), 

 who mentions that he has always found it on one side, and in females ; 

 but Patruban gives a case in which it occurred on both sides ; and 

 Turner (Edinburgh " Medical Journal," February, 1860, p. 744), has 

 met with it four times on the right, twice on the left, and once on both. 

 I have seen, during last session, this muscle four times singly, and I 

 have found it in male larynges, as likewise has Turner. 



5. The cephalo-pharyngeus was represented by an aponeurotic band, 

 devoid of muscularity, in a subject possessing an azygos pharyngis, as 

 before described (" Proceedings Royal Irish Academy," April, 1866, 

 PI. vi., fig. 1. b). The former muscle seems to attain its maximum of 

 development in cetaceans, as I have seen it very large in the Glohio- 



