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shown, a crescentic deficiency in the triangular coraco-acromial liga- 

 ment corresponding with it, and a continuing, though usually uncon- 

 nected band, the coraco-glenoid ligament. The gemelli are mere extra- 

 pelvic slips of the obturator, and have no representatives in the upper 

 limb. The obturator externus of man, I think, we may regard as the 

 homotype of the subclavius — that muscle is invested with a fascia which 

 forms a ligamentous band stretching out to the humerus, as the pubo- 

 femoral accessory ligament is related to the obturator externus, and the 

 muscle is in the upper limb often continued into the coracoid process, 

 either directly or by means of fibres of the trapezoid ligament, or 

 through slips, like the coraco-clavicular of Wood. 



The pyriformis muscle of the lower limb has no distinct upper limb 

 homotype in man ; but in other animals a distinct and corresponding 

 muscle is met with either in the form of the masto-humeralis of 

 Cetaceans — a muscle which in those animals that possess a clavicle is 

 modified into a levator claviculse, or trachelo-acromial of Cuvier (- Omo 

 atlanticus of Haughton), as such nearly constant in Quadrumana, and 

 often met with in man ; the last, or quadratus femoris type, found in 

 the lower extremity, is likewise obsolete in the group of the shoulder 

 girdle muscles of man, but it is possibly represented by the epicoraco- 

 humeral muscle described and figured by Mr. Mivart in Echidna 

 hystrix ? Blainville suggests that it may be represented by latissimus 

 dor si. 



"We may thus arrange in tabular form the upper and lower limb 

 equivalents of the typical muscles of the extremity, and we will find 

 the correspondence to be as follows : — 



Glutseus maximus, — 



Glutseus medius, = 



Glutseus minimus, = 



Pyriformis, = 



Obturator interims and two gemelli, .... = 



Obturator externus, = 



Quadratus femoris, = 



Iliacus internus, = 



Scansorius, = 



Iliocapsular, = 



Tensor vaginae femoris, = 



Deltoid and part of trapezius. 



Infraspinatus. 



Supraspinatus. 



Trachelo-acromial, or masto-humeralis. 



Pectoralis minor. 



Subclavius. 



Epicoraco-humeralis of Echidna ? 



Subscapularis. 



Teres minor. 



Subscapulo-humeral. 



Teres major. 



The teres major of the upper limb having its function in the human 

 hinder limb performed by the glutseus medius, is detached from the 

 bone and united to the deep surface of the fascia under the name of 

 tensor vaginae femoris ; the two resemble each other in course, and in 

 general relation to the great extensor set of muscles. The tensor appears 

 to go to the outer instead of the inner edge of this series— first, on 

 account of its altered function ; and secondly, because of the obsoles- 

 cence of the ridge for its reception. The tensor vaginae is attached to 

 the femur in the ai, according to Meckel, and to the patella in the seal ; 

 and the teres major I have seen sending a slip into the triceps, which 

 would only require to transfer its attachment to the fascia, which in 



