March IB, 1890.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



148 



PATTERN AND PENETRATION. 



LEFEVER 10-GAUGE GUN. 



A FEW days preceding Nov. 6 a note received at this 

 office from Dr. R. J. Carroll, of Red Hook, N. Y., 

 asked that he be permitted to test a fine gun, of which he 

 had great hopes, at the Forest and Stream testing- 

 screen. Of course he was told to come on with his gun, 

 and such cartridges as he wished to have it tried with. 

 He fixed the date and was promptly on hand. When the 

 case was opened the gun proved to be a fine hammerless 

 Lefever which he had purchased a year before. He had 

 put the gun through a series of tests with various car- 

 tridges, until he had found out just what he could use to 

 the best advantage. He had found out, for instance, that 

 while both barrels were fine samples of the full length 

 taper choke used by the Lefever Co. , that the left barrel 

 was by far the better one of the two. He found, too, that 

 with a certain charge of Schultze powder he could do far 

 better in pattern than with black powder. In fact he 

 had gone through a series of trials such as every gun 

 buyer should make when he comes into possession of a 

 new arm. He should take nobody's off-hand opinion of 

 what its best load is, but with sheets of paper and pads 



should experiment a while, and soon he finds out just 

 what he can do the best work with, and ever after has a 

 confidence born of knowledge in his weapon. There is 

 entirely too much rule of thumb business in gun loading, 

 and when gun users find out that what is food to one gun 

 is poison to another, they will do more testing, alike for 

 their own satisfaction and the advantage of gun manu- 

 facturers. 



But to return to our gun in hand. Dr. Carroll had 

 chosen a good afternoon for his test, not quite as muggy 

 and damp as a gun expert might have wished, but clear 

 and with not enough wind to bother the shot. The 

 charges brought down by the shooter included a set of 

 Schultze loaded shells and another with Dead Shot pow- 

 der. In addition a few shots were fired at 40yds. with 

 some cartridges loaded with No. 7 shot, and then at the 

 same distance two shots from each barrel were had with 



LEFEVER GUN, 60VDS., DEAD SHOT POWDEB. 



126 



128 





6 



154 



175 



7 



10 



143 



160 





7 



114 



117 



Ms 



7 



103 



117 



6 



4 



130 



144 



6 



7 



133 



128 



7 



8 



113 



127 





6 



119 



134 



6 



6 



145 



16J) 



8^ 



4 





133 



0 



6 



131 



145 



6 



7~ 



Three shots at 4-foot square; 30-inch Circle selected from 

 best pattern. 



RIGHT BARREL. LEFT BARREL. 



1 131 pellets. 1 130 pallets. 



2...... 139 pellets. 2 136 pellets. 



3 125 pellets. 3 154 pellets. 



The formal record of the day's test stood: 



CLAREMONT, N. J., Nov. 6, 1889. 



TEST MADE AT FOREST AND STREAM GUN-TESTING SCREEN. 



Gun— Lefever Hammerless. Cost, $100. No. of gun, 11,074. 

 Weight, 7 13-161bs. Length of barrels, 28in. Gauge, 12. 

 Right barrel, full choke. Left barrel, full choke. 

 Weather— Clear. Direction of wind, 2 o'clock. Force of 

 wind, 4 miles per hour. Thermometer, dry, 40° . Do., 

 wet, 48 0 . Humidity, 73 0 . Barometer, 30.5in. 

 Charge, as given by holder of gun: 



BOTH BARRELS. 

 Shell— IT. S. C. Climax. 

 Powder, Brand— Schultze. 

 Po wder, Quantity— 2%drs. 

 I Make— Tatham. 

 Shot - Quantity— l%oz. 

 I Size-No. 8 Chilled. 



LEFEVER, 40YDS., RIGHT BARREL, SCHULTZE POWDER, 318 PELLETS. 



the paper shell cartridges which did so well in the Colt 

 12-gauge gun. The No. 7 shot cartridges were found to 

 have 90grs. of powder behind the 495grs. of shot counting 

 out 357 pellets. The loading, as in the other black pow- 

 der charge of Dr. Carroll, was with two P. E. wads only 

 over the powder and without the usual card there. It 

 will be remembered that the Colt cartridge had 3£drs. of 

 Dead Shot powder behind l£oz. of LeRoy No. 8 shot, or 

 according to our laboratory test, 97grs. of powder and 

 482grs. of shot with 418 pellets by count. 



With these few explanatory facts as to charges, we can 

 give the returns for the several tests as follows: 



LEFEVER GUN, 40YDS., SCHULTZE POWDER. 

 Right Barrel. Left Barrel. 



Aimed 

 Circle. 

 Pellets. 



305 



264 



283 



294 



255 



280 



357 

 302 

 272 

 302 



303 

 308 



378 

 359 



202 

 202 



Selected Between Bene- Aimed Selected Between 



Circle. Centers, tration. Circle. Circle. Centers. 



Pellets. Indies. Sheets. Pellets. Pellets. Inches. 



5 14 353 372 



5 12 269 303 



6 13 260 295 

 5^ 14 301 339 



7 13 330 323 



291 

 306 

 318 

 311 

 263 



4 



298 13 303 327 5^ 



LEFEVER GUN, 40YDS., DEAD SHOT POWDER. 



347 5 11 317 323 4>g 



313 7*4 16 320 352 7 



288 6% 15 305 326 5 



336 5J^ 16 361 321 5 



307 15 324 320 5J4 



318 6 15 325 324 5^ 



COLT GUN, 40YDS., DEAD-SHOT POWDER. 



307 m 16 265 267 $4 



LEFEVER GUN, SAME CHARGE. 



305 4^ 17 295 292 4 



265 4 13 270 303 5}4 



385 4 15 283 297 4}£ 



LEFEVER GUN, 40YDS., NO. 7 SHOT. 



193 5 20 242 243 4 



180 229 8 



Pene- 

 tration. 

 Sheets. 



15 



12 



16 



14 



16 



15 



14 

 13 

 19 

 15 

 13 



18 

 21 



20 

 19 



193 5 20 211 236 6 



LEFEVER GUN, 60TDS. , SCHULTZE POWDER. 



123 

 116 

 128 

 108 



114 



131 

 132 

 139 

 125 



122 

 112 

 120 

 101 

 140 



130 

 130 

 136 

 117 

 154 



CLAREMONT, N. J., Nov. 6, 1889. 

 TEST MADE AT FOREST AND STREAM GUN-TESTING SCREEN. 

 Gun— Lefever Hammerless. Cost, $100. No. of gun, 11,074. 

 Weight, 7 13-161bs. Length of barrels, 2Sin. Gauge, 12. 

 Right barrel, fall choke. Left barrel, full choke. 

 Wea ther— Clear. Direction of wind, 2 o'clock. Force of 

 wind, 4 miles per hour. Thermometer, dry, 40°. Do., 

 wet, 48 0 . Humidity, 73 0 . Barometer, 30.5in. 

 Charge, as given by holder of gun: 



BOTH BARRELS. 



Shell— Club. 



Powder, Brand— Dead Shot FFFG. 

 Poivder, Quantity— drs. 

 ( Make— Tatham. 

 Shot < Quantity— 1% oz. 

 ( Size—No. 8 Chilled. 



CARTRIDGE ANALYSIS. 



Three Cartridges Taken at Random,. 



BOTH BARRELS. 

 Loading. Powder. Shot. 



Card over shot; two ( 1 . . . 90 grs. 598 grs. 525 pellets. 



P. E. wads over pow-K 2... 89 grs. 599 grs. 532 pellets, 



der. ( 3. . . 89 grs. 598 grs. 526 pellets. 



Average 89 grs. 598 grs. 527 pellets. 



TEST AT 40 YARDS. 



Five Shots per Barrel from rest at fixed 30-inch Circle. 



RIGHT BARREL. LEFT BARREL. 



Penetration, s pellets. Pattern. Penetration, 3 pellets. 



LEFEVER, 40YDS., LEFT BARREL, SCHULTZE POWDER, 373 PELLETS. 



CARTRIDGE ANALYSIS. 



Three Cartridges Taken at Bandom. 



BOTH BARRELS. 



Loading. Powder. Slwt. 



Card over shot; card ( 1... 38 grs. 495 grs. 474 pellets, 



and two P. E. wads- 2... 38 grs. 493 grs. 472 pellets, 



over powder. (3... 38 grs. 493 grs. 472 pellets. 



Average 38 grs. 493 grs. 472 pellets. 



TEST AT 40 YARDS. 



Five Shots per Barrel from rest at fixed 30-inch Circle. 



RIGHT BARREL. 

 Pattern. Penetration, s pellets. 



1. 305 pellets. 



2. 264 pellets. 



3. 283 pellets. 



4. 294 pellets. 



5. 255 pellets. 



14 sheets, 



12 sheets. 



13 sheets. 



14 sheets. 

 13 sheets. 



LEFT BARREL. 

 Pattern. Penetration, 3 pelle ts 

 353 pellets. 15 sheets. 



2. 269 pellets. 



3. 260 pellets. 



4. 301 pellets. 



5. 330 pellets. 



12 sheets. 

 16 sheets. 

 14 sheets. 

 16 sheets. 



Av. 280 pellets. 13 sheets. Av. 303 pellets. 15 sheets. 



LEFEVER, 40YDS., RIGHT BARREL, BLACK POWDER, 857 PELLETS. 



Tlwee shots at 4-foot square; 30-inch Circle selected from 

 best pattern. 



RIGHT BARREL. LEFT BARREL. 



1 306 pellets. 1 372 pellets. 



2 318 pellets. 2 339 pellets. 



3 311 pellets. 3 323 pellets. 



Average 312 pellets. 



Average 344 pellets. 



TEST AT 60 YARDS. 



Five Shots per Barrel from rest at fixed i 



» inch Circle. 



RIGHT BARREL. 

 Pattern. Penetration, s pellets. 



1. 123 pellets. 



2. 116 pellets. 



3. 128 pellets. 



4. 108 pellets. 



5. 95 pellets. 



6 sheets. 

 5 sheets. 



7 sheets. 

 7 sheets. 

 5 sheets. 



LEFT BARREL. 

 Pattern. Penetration, 3 pellets. 



1. 139 pellets. 



2. 112 pellets. 



3. 120 pellets. 



4. 101 pellets. 



5. 140 pellets. 



4 sheets. 

 8 sheets, 

 4 sheets. 

 7 sheets. 

 6 sheets. 



Av, 114 pellets. 6 sheets. Av, 122 pellets. 6 sheets. 



Average 132 pellets. 



Average 140 pellets. 



1. 357 pellets. 



2. 302 pellets. 



3. 272 pellets. 



4. 302 pellets. 



5. 280 pellets. 



11 sheets. 

 16 sheets. 



15 sheets. 



16 sheets. 

 15 sheets. 



1. 317 pellets. 



2. 320 pellets. 



3. 305 pellets. 



4. 361 pellets. 



5. 324 pellets. 



14 sheets. 

 13 sheets. 

 19 sheets. 



15 sheets. 

 13 sheets. 



Av. 303 pellets. 15 sheets. Av. 325 pellets. 15 sheets. 



Three Shots at 4-foot square; 30-inch Circle selected from 

 best pattern. 



RIGHT BARREL. LEFT BARREL. 



1 347 pellets. 1 323 pellets. 



2 312 pellets. 2 352 pellets. 



3 336 pellets. 3 326 pellets. 



Average 331 pellets. 



Average 333 pellets. 



LEFEVER, 40YDS., LEFT BARREL, BLACK POWDER, 361 PELLETS. 



TEST AT 60 YARDS. 



Five Shots per Barrel from rest at fixed 30-inch Circle. 



RIGHT BARREL. 

 Pattern. Penetration, 3 pellets. 



1. 126 pellets. 



2. 142 pellets. 



3. 102 pellets. 



4. 122 pellets. 



5. 119 pellets. 



6 sheets. 



7 sheets. 

 4 sheets. 



8 sheets. 

 6 sheets. 



LEFT BARREL. 

 Pattern. Penetration, 3 pellets, 



1. 154 pellets. 



2. 114 pellets. 



3. 130 pellets. 



4. 113 pellets. 



5. 145 pellets. 



10 sheets. 

 7 sheets. 

 7 sheets. 

 6 sheets. 

 4 sheets. 



Av. 122 pellets. 6 sheets. Av. 131 pellets. 7 sheets. 



Three Shots at 4-foot square; 30-inch Circle selected from 

 best pattern. 



RIGHT BARREL. LEFT BARREL. 



1 160 pellets. 1 175 pellets. 



2 128 pellets. 2 144 pellets. 



3 134 pellets. 3 160 pellets. 



Average 140 pellets. 



Average 159 pellets. 



March Quail Shooting. — Ocean Springs, Miss., 

 March 8. — I am once more at my home in the Sunny 

 South; glad to escape the Northern March, for bad as is 

 the character of that month in other parts of the world, 

 here on the Gulf Coast it is most delightful. The winter 

 here has been very pleasant and dry, but a little warmer 

 than usual. At present cooler weather prevails, which 

 I welcome as tending to prolong the season of snipe 

 shooting. Yesterday I went out to interview the quail, 

 and found ihem quite plentiful. March is a very favor- 

 able month for quail shooting here, as the birds are large 

 and strong and very fat, and are feeding on the most 

 open ground. As there is very little grain raised here 

 the birds subsist entirely upon wild seeds. At present 

 their main reliance is on certain grass seeds, which they 

 find most readily on open ground where the dead grass 

 has been burned away. There is no objection to shoot- 

 ing them in March on the score of game protection, for 

 they do not begin to pair until after the middle of May. 

 Why they should be so tardy in regard to this matter 

 here on the Gulf Coast is more than I know, but I 

 watched closely for five years, and the 20th of May is 

 the earliest I have ever seen paired birds. My pointer 

 Banjo II. (Bang Bang— Moonstone) is showing great 

 speed and range, and his work is in every way worthy 

 of his illustrious lineage.— John M. Tracy, 



