OBSERVATIONS UPON THE 



SPLEEN. 



117 



In the Plaice {Platessa ohlonga) it is small and oval. See Fig. 1 0. 



The Garfish has frequently two large spleens situated in contact with the infe- 

 rior surface of the pancreas. 



In both the salt and fresh-water Garfishes, this organ is of large size, and often 

 varies in its form in individuals belonging to the same species. 



The form of the spleen varies much in the doubtful reptiles. It is elongated and 

 ribbon-like in the Congo Snake {Amphiuma means, Fig. 23), and flatter, broader, 

 shorter, and more oval iu the Hellbender (Men&poma Alleganensis) and Proteus of 

 the Lakes {Menobi-anclius 7naculatus). In these reptiles the spleen lies upon the left 

 side. The following figures will illustrate these differences: — 



Fig. 24. 



Stomach, spleen, and pancreas of the Hellbender {Menopoma Alleganensis) reduced one-half diameter. A. Stomach. 



S. Spleen. P. Pancreas. E. Small intestine. 



The spleen of Batrachians is generally oval or kidney-shaped, and of small size, 

 and occupies a position near the median line of the body. 



The spleen of Ophidians is a small oval body, firmly attached to the superior 

 and anterior surface of the pancreas, from which it is readily distinguished by its 

 color. This is true of this organ in the Hognose Viper {Heterodon platyrhinos) , 

 Black Viper (Heterodon niger), Grass Snake {Tropidonotm ordinatus), Green Snake, 

 [LeptopJiis aestivus), Coach whip Snake [PsammopMs fiagelliformis) , Pine Snake 

 {PituopMs melanoleucus) , Indigo Snake [Coluber couperi), Chicken Snake [Coluber 

 quadrivittatus), Corn Snake [Coluber guttatus, Fig. 25), Black Snake [Coluber con- 



FiG. 25. 



Spleen, pancreas, and gall-bladder of Corn Snake (Coluber guttatus), natural size. A. Inferior portion of stomach. 

 R. Small intestine. P. Pancreas. S. Spleen. 0. Gall-bladder. N. Cystic duct. M. Hepatic duct. 



