NORTHWEST SHORE OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 



365 



After entering the mouth of the river, the first rock seen is about one hundred 

 yards from the gate. It is traversed by spar veins from eight to twelve inches wide. 

 The next rock (No. 230), soon comes up, making a high ridge, and containing frag- 

 ments of metamorphosed sandstone (No. 231). On the upper side of the ridge are 

 beds of No. 231 resting on the greenstone, and dipping northwesterly. The suc- 

 ceeding rocks (Nos. 232, 233, 234), are altered slates and shales. Some of the beds 

 have yellow spots and stripes, and resemble the thinly-laminated, metamorphosed 

 bed at the lake-shore. These rocks are succeeded by a ridge of very compact 

 basaltic rock (No. 235) ; and two hundred yards further on, unaltered red sandstone 

 makes its appearance (Nos. 236, 237). Some of the beds are very fine-grained and 

 thinly laminated, while others are pebbly, and separated by beds of conglomerate, 

 the pebbles being almost entirely of sandstone. Between No. 235 and the unaltered 

 sedimentary rocks, is a shaly rock, partially altered, conglomeritic, and brecciated. 

 This breccia, like that seen at several other places, seems to have been formed by 

 the breaking up of beds of the ordinary red sandstone conglomerate and associated 

 schistose beds. 



The dip on the lake side of the anticlinal axis is to the southeast, at an angle 

 varying from 5° to 75°, and on the opposite side to the northwest, at a low angle. 

 In the bay of Baptism River, about two hundred yards below the mouth of that 

 stream, is a dike which cuts through the bedded rocks, and bears north 65° west. 

 The shores of the next bay below are composed of No. 250, and the bottom of the 

 long, irregular bay which comes next, is bounded by the softer metamorphosed 

 shales and bedded trap, with small points of No. 250, which jut out and form 

 shallow pockets. The annexed cut represents a section of one of the small bays. 



o. Metamorphosed shales, — columuar. BjiJj-i I t ! I • i f f I i i \ c. Basaltic beds intercalated with 



6. Beds of basaltic rock. J\- .i>0^ MrCC^r 1 . L' : - shales. 



The lower shaly rock decomposes easily when subjected to the action of water, and 

 occasionally forms long, narrow points, and lines of pillars, with aisles a few feet in 

 width between them. They sometimes project into the Lake for the distance of a 

 hundred yards or more, and with their cappings of small cedars and firs, present 

 the most picturesque appearance imaginable. 



The high ridges along this part of the coast sometimes approach to within two 

 hundred yards of the bottoms of the bays ; but, as a general rule, they begin to rise 

 about a quarter of a mile from the Lake. They bear about north 30° east. 



Immediately below the mouth of Waginokaning River, the rock (No. 629) 

 resembles, in some respects, No. 603, but has a more irregular angular fracture, 

 and the surface is jagged and pointed. It bears east and west at this place, and is 

 disjmsed to become globular in the mass, at the same time that the structure is 

 semi-columnar, as shown in the following diagram. 



This rock (No. 629) forms the lake-shore for a long distance, and at several 

 localities is seen resting on a bed of basaltic rock, beneath which is a bed of breccia. 

 At the mouth of Waginokaning River, there is a fine exposure of basaltic rock, 

 overlying amygdaloid. On the point which projects into the Lake, it has a true 



