134 Feather stonhaiigh^s Geological Report. 



miles, appearing like the remains ofa castle, or a church with 

 a cupola. The total height is ninety feet, the lower part be- 

 ing about sixty feet high and twenty-live feet in diameter; 

 the upper part is thirty feet high and varies from two and a 

 half feet to fifteen feet diameter. I had these particulars from 

 a gentleman who had visited the place and taken a drawing 

 of it, of which he presented me a copy. 



The banks of the river now^ gradually lose their escarped 

 character, the left bank especially being low and rolling, hav- 

 ing generally a gentle slope of grass and trees to the water 

 side, and rarely exceeding one hundred feet high. Aboul 

 forty miles from Lake Pepin, St. Croix river comes in kom 

 the left bank, about 120 yards wide. This stream, after fol- 

 lowing it north about two miles, expands into a small lake of 

 nearly the same breadth. Beyond the St. Croix the Missis- 

 sippi becomes narrow, and at one place, where the limestone 

 beds on the right side come to the waters edge, is only about 

 one hundred yards wide, and winds very much. From this 

 place I could hear distinctly the noise of the falls of St. An- 

 thony. Four or five miles before reaching the village of 

 Tchaypehahmonee, or Little Crow, the limestone on the left 

 bank becomes very tenacious and twisted ; the beds become 

 cavernous, are wavy, and large concentric masses are formed 

 resembling those at Prairie da Chien ; the whole mineral 

 substance appears to have had a tendency to resolve itself into 

 globular forms. The river is very beautiful about here ; an 

 open stream, without islands, about 300 yards wide, flowing 

 between banks covered with handsome trees, vines, and 

 grass ; the soil is exceedingly rich, being composed of de- 

 composed limestone, sand, and vegetable matter, black and 

 deep. A short distance beyond the village there is a bluff of 

 soft sandstone, in which the Indians say there is a cave, but 

 the rock from above has fallen down with hundreds of tons of 

 sandstone, and has concealed the entrance. Somewhat higher 

 up, and only a few miles from Fort Snelling, is another sand^- 



