INDEX. 



311 



Lias and Oolite, origin of, 232. 



, valleys and escarpments formed 



by, 234. 



, calcareous nodules in, 53. 



, volcanic rocks of the, 278. 



, plutonic rocks of the, 287. 



Lima, Recent strata near, 171. 

 Lime in rocks, how to detect, 27. 



, whence derived, 59. 



why less in crystaUine rocks, 301. 



Limestones, composition of, 27. 36. 



, deposited by springs, 50. 



, in coral reefs formed by zoophytes, 



60. 



JLimnea longiscata, 45. 



Lindley, Mr., on fossil coal plants, 247, 



248, 249, 252. 255. 259. 

 , on destructibility of plants in 



water, 255. 

 Lipari islands, rocks altered by gases 



in, 147. 

 Llandeilo formation, 267. 

 Loam described, 28. 

 Loess of the Rhine, 172. 



, tuffs interstratified with, 276. 



Loire, R., stratification of recent mud 



of, 29. 



London clay and its fossils, 38. 178. 

 Lonsdale, Mr., on microscopic chalk 

 fossils, 41. 



, on Stonesfield slate, 222. 



Lons-le-Saulnier, Lias and Oolite of, 224. 

 Louisiana, submerged trees in, 261. 

 Lower New Red sandstone, 242. 

 Ludlow formation, 265. 

 Lulworth cove, section in, 206. 

 Lumley Den, trap rocks in, 280. 

 Lutschine, valley of, curved strata in, 74. 

 LycopodiacecB, 247. 250. 255. 

 Lym-Fiord, invaded by the sea, 49. 

 , stones carried by sea-weed in, 188. 



MacCulloch, Dr., termed volcanic rocks 



overlying, 21. ^ 



, on consolidation of strata, 52. 



, on denudation, 81. 



, on compact felspar, 92. 



, on trap rocks and dikes, 104. 117. 



, on columnar basalt, 111. 



, on passage of granite into trap, 123. 



, on granite veins, 124. 126. 



, on altered rocks, 109. 149. 288. 



— ; — , on isle of Arran, 294, 

 Madeira, dikes in, 103. 

 Maestricht beds and their fossils, 189. 

 Magnesian limestone and fossils, 240. 



242. 



, composition of, 28. 



, concretionary structure in, 53. 



Malvern hills, rocks altered bv granite 

 in, 288. 



Mammalia, extinct, found with living 

 shells, 172, 173. 



Mammat, Mr., on faults and denuda- 

 tion in Ashby coal-field, 82. 



Mammoth, fossil, 172, 173. 



Mantell, Mr., on fossils of the Chalk, 



188. 190. 



, on the Iguanodon, 203. 



, on Portland dirt-bed, 206, 



, on plants of the Wealden, 209, 



Map of chalk in south of France, 196. 

 Marble described, 27, 134, 

 Margarate, term explained, 142. 

 Marine formations, how distinguished 



from freshwater, 42, 

 Marker ud, strike of beds not altered 



by intrusion of granite at, 128. 

 Marl and marl-slale described, 28. 

 Mechanical deposits, 50. 

 Megalichthys Hibberti, 246. 

 Meissen, granite covering chalk, near, 



291. 



Melanopsis buccinoidea, 45. 

 Melaphyre, 101, 



Menai Straits, tertiary strata near, 173, 

 Mesotype, 102. 



Messenia, puddingstone of, 199. 

 Metalliferous veins, 128, 

 Metamorphic, term whence derived, 22. 



rocks, general character of, 131, 



— — , principal members of this class 



described, 132, 



, their origin, 21. 135. 143. 147, 148. 



, stratification of, distinct from 



cleavage, 137. 

 , kind of strata from which some 



may have been derived, 148. 

 , on the different ages of) and how 



determined, 293. 

 — — , of the Apennines, Alps, &c., 295. 

 , must be old before they reach the 



surface, 299. 



, order of succession in, 299. 



, why less calcareous than the foa- 



siliferous, 301. 

 Meyringen, section near, 298, 

 Mica, decomposition of, affords silex in 



solution, 60, 



, composition of, 102. 



Micaceous sandstone described, 26. 

 Mica-schist described, 133. 135. 

 Microconchus, 245. 

 Miller, Mr., cited, 242. 

 Millstone grit, 244, 



Mineral character as a test of age of 



rocks, 160. 274. 282. 294. 

 Minerals in volcanic rocks, analysis of, 



102. 



Mineralization of organic remains, 55. 

 Mingan islands, worn limestone pillars 

 in, 194. 



Miocene, term whence derived, 166. 



deposits not found in England, 173. 



volcanic rocks. 276, 



Mississippi R., deposits in estuary of, 16, 



, lagoons alternately fresh and salt 



at mouth of, 49. 



, drift wood of, 260. 



, delta of, 261. 



Mitra scabra, 179. 



Mitficherlich, Professor, on augite, 93, 



