KALOBATIPPUS. 



69 



GENUS KALOBATIPPUS Osborn, 1915. 



Genotype. — Anchitherium prcestans Cope 1879; Kalobatippus Osborn, see Cope-Matthew, 1915, pi. cvin. 



The separation of this genus was first suggested to the author by W. D. Matthew. The type (Amer. Mus. 7269) is 

 from the higher levels of the Upper John Day. The principal distinction is the great elongation of the central digits 

 of the manus and pes, to which the name Kalobatippus (= stilt-walking horse) refers. 



The principal characters are as follows: 



1. Metaloph united to ectoloph (as in Anchitherium, Hypohippus, Archwohippus). 



2. Anterior margin of orbit above posterior end of m 3 , as in Archwohippus. 



3. Size exceeding that of any of the known species of Miohippus and Archwohippus. 



4. Teeth more brachyodont than in Anchitherium. 



5. No internal cingulum. 



6. Protolophs of molars and metalophs of p 3 " 4 incomplete. 



7. Last upper molar, and heel of m 3 unreduced. 



8. No crochet. 



9. Incisor row broadly rounded. 



10. Lachrymal fossa shallow. 



11. Malar fossa broad and not very deep. 



12. Hind foot with elongate metatarsals and short phalanges; foot longer and more slender than in Anchitherium 

 or Hypohippus. 



13. Lateral digits not more reduced than in Anchitherium. 



14. Mts. Ill-cuboid facet strong. 



15. Mts. Ill with strong meso-ectocuneiform facet, as in Anchitherium and Hypohippus. 



I. Type Descriptions of the Species of Kalobatippus in Chronologic Order. 



Date Original name and author Present reference Locality Life zone 



1879. .Anchitherium -prcestans Cope. . .Kalobatippus prcestans . . .John Day Series, Oregon. . Promerycochoerus zone 



1892. .Pliohippus gracilis Marsh ? " gracilis. ..." " " " . . ?Promerycochoerus-Miohippus zone 



1918. .Kalobatippus agatensis Osborn. . agatensis . . .Agate, western Nebraska. . Promerycochcerus-Miohippus zone 



II. Types as Recorded or Inferred in 1917 in Geologic Succession. 



Species^ 



Date Present re f e r ence Life zone Formation, Beds Locality Age 



1918. .Kalobatippus Promerycochcerus- Lower Harrison formation Agate, western Nebraska. . . .Lower Miocene 



agatensis Miohippus zone 

 1892. . ? 'Kalobatippus ?Promerycocho3rus- ?Upper John Day John Day Series, Oregon. ... " 



gracilis Miohippus zone 

 1879 .. Kalobatippus Promerycochoerus- Upper John Day " " 



proestans Miohippus zone 



The shallow fossae, posterior position of orbits, unreduced m§, brachyodont grinders, and especially the long, slender 

 limbs and feet, with short phalanges, distinguish this animal from Anchitherium. The unreduced lateral digits, brachyo- 

 dont teeth with no crochet, posterior position of orbit, primitive odontoid process, and especially the facet of the meso- 

 cuneiform on Mts. Ill distinguish it from Parahippus, These characters are displayed in Plate 5.6,7,10,12, Plate 6.3, 

 Plate 39.17,20, Plate 40, Plate 51,7,10,14. 



