KALOBATIPPUS. 



71 



the typical characters of the genus. On the posterior border of the superior molars there is a trihedral tubercle 

 [hypostyle] in front of the elevated posterior cingulum, but the anterior eingulum does not rise into a tubercle, nor is 

 there an accessory tubercle near it. The internal lobes of the crown are closely connected with the median lobes. 

 External ribs and cingulum prominent; enamel smooth. The side of the face is concave, and there is a lachrymal 

 fossa. The anterior border of the orbit marks the middle of the last molar tooth." 



Kalobatippus gracilis Marsh 1892. 



Text Figs. 49, 51. 



Pliohippus gracilis, Marsh, O. C. "Recent Polydactyle Horses," Amer. Jour. 

 Sci. and Arts, (3), Vol. XLIII, No. 256, 1892, p. 347, no figure. 



Horizon and locality. — (Marsh)" .... the Pliocene of Oregon." Probably 

 Upper John Day. Name of collector not given [William W. Day]. 



Type. — Yale Mus. 11301 (Marsh) "A small species of Pliohippus from 

 the Pliocene of Oregon .... An incomplete hind foot in the Yale Museum .... 

 The species is new and may be called Pliohippus gracilis." (Lull, 1916) "The 

 type of Pliohippus gracilis, Yale Mus. consists of a right foot and a few other 

 bones, marked 'Pliocene (Palo Duro) from Dayville, Ore. Collected by William 

 W. Day.'" 



Type figure. — Text Figs. 49, 51 of this Memoir. 



Characters. — (Marsh) " . . . . shows the second metatarsal as a splint bone, 

 the third very long and slender, and the fourth so well developed that it prob- 

 ably supported phalanges. This may also be a case of reversion." 



Gidley, 1907, p. 911, observes: "This species was not well defined by- 

 Marsh, nor does the type show any especially distinctive features .... The 

 species is therefore indefinitely known at present." 



The type hind foot of f Kalobatippus { Pliohippus) gracilis is of a decidedly 

 primitive type, much more primitive than Pliohippus or even Parahippus; it 

 may rather be compared with the type of Kalobatippus prmstans of the Upper 

 John Day, in fact, the matrix and the color of the type specimen resemble 

 those of Upper John Day fossils. In conformity with the K. praestans type 

 the navicular is relatively deep (a primitive character) ; the median meta- 

 tarsal is elongate, and laterally compressed; the lateral digits are wide, flat, 

 and thin; the ectocuneiform, mesocuneiform, and entocuneiform are coossified; 

 there is a slight overlapping of the entocuneiform on the head of Mts. Ill; 

 the distal keel of Mts. Ill is very obscure on the front face being hardly 

 visible. 



A/O / /3 O/ Type 

 VaZe A7u5 



Kalobatippus 



Fig. 49. Type of ? Kalobatippus 

 gracilis Marsh, Yale Mus. 11301. 

 One-half natural size. 



Kalobatippus agatensis sp. nov. 



Plates 5.7, 39.17,20, 40, 51.1,4. Text Fig. 50. 



Horizon and locality. — Harrison formation, lower horizon, Promerycocheerus zone, upper Niobrara River, near Agate, 

 western Nebraska. 



Type. — Amer. Mus. 14211. A lower jaw associated with vertebrae, limb bones, and fore and hind feet. Measure- 

 ments: pi-m3 .128; inferred length of pMn 3 .118. 



Type figure— Plates 5.7, 39.17, 20, 40, 51.1,4, text Fig. 50 of this Memoir. 



Characters. — (Matthew, 1913) (1) Teeth with higher crowns than in Kalobatippus prccstans; (2) premolars relatively 

 10% broader; (3) anterior lobe of p> relatively narrower, with atrophied antero-external cingulum; (4) entoconulid of 1TI3 



