PROTOHIPPUS. 



! [:; 



Type figure — Text Fig. 114 of this Memoir. 



Characters. — (Matthew, 1913, Osborn, 1918) (1) Molar size intermediate, somewhat larger than in P. placidus but 

 apparently with shorter crowns; (2) crowns strongly curved; (3) protocone separate from protoloph in nr, united in m 1 ; 

 (4) protocone and hypocone united by longitudinal isthmus; (5) protocone flattened oval, posterior in position; (6) pli 

 caballin fold present on little worn teeth, absent on half worn teeth; (7) two folds and minor accessory folds on each side 

 of metaloph projecting into pre- and postfossettes; (8) a single inferior fold (crochet) in prefossette; (9) parastyle narrow, 

 mesostyle broad at base and narrowing rather slightly toward crown. 



(Matthew, 1913) "These two type teeth cannot go together as placed; they may not belong to the same animal; 

 the right hand tooth (A) might be Merychippus; the left hand tooth, if normal, does not agree well with any of the 

 genera. If normal it represents an undescribed genus on the criteria used to separate the Miocene and Pliocene genera. 

 If placed in Protohippus it should be in quotes." 



Protohippus profectus Cope 1889. 

 Plate 22.3. Text Fig. 115. 



P. or H. profectus, Cope, Edw. D. "A Review of the North American Species of Hippotherium," Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, Vol. 

 XXVI, 1889 (sig. dated June 5, 1889), pp. 44G-447, no figure. 



3 



Fig. 115. Type of Protohippus profectus Cope, Amer. Mus. 8349, p 2 -m 3 of the left side, as reassembled and partly 

 restored. External and crown views. Natural size. 



Horizon and locality. — (Cope) "From Phillips county, Kansas, from the Loup Fork bed." Type collected by Frank 

 Hazard. Probably from the Republican River formation, Driftwood Creek, Nebraska, Peraceras zone, early Pliocene. 



Type. — Amer. Mus. Cope Coll. 8349. Six superior molars from one individual found in the same locality as the 

 type molars of Protohipims rctrusvs. Five of them are from one side and one (more worn) from the other side. 

 Measurements: (Cope, 1889) p 2 a.p. .045, tr. .023, height of crown .019; m 3 a.p. .024, tr. .020, height of crown .036. 



Type figure. — Plate 22.3, text Fig. 115 of this Memoir. 



