ANIMAL MECHANICS. 



45 



muscles of the lumbar and dorsal vertebras ; and previous to 

 instituting a comparison of the work done in this kind of 

 labour with that done by muscles in continued contraction 

 (which has been already discussed), it is necessary to have an 

 approximate estimate of the total weight of all the muscles 

 of the upper and lower extremity in a healthy man of ave- 

 rage weight. 



In order to obtain this estimate, I made a series of obser- 

 vations on the weights of the muscles of two well-developed 

 male subjects, of 71 inches and 67 inches in height, re- 

 spectively, and who had died of acute diseases (nephritis and 

 pneumonia), that terminated life without much loss of sub- 

 stance by wasting. 



The results thus obtained were the following : — 



Muscles of Lower Limb. 



1. Hip Joint, . . 77.33 oz. 



2. Knee Joint,. . 55.28 „ 



3. Ankle and Foot, 32.91 „ 



4. Lumbar, . . 14.81 „ 



Muscles of Upper Limb. 



1. Shoulder Joint, . 47.30 oz. 



2. Elbow Joint, . 22.94 „ 



3. Wrist and Hand, 17.33 „ 



4. Trunco-scapular, 19.41 „ 



106.98 oz. av. 



Doubling these results we find 



Muscles of Lower Limbs = 360.66 oz. 

 Muscles of Upper Limbs = 213.96 ,, 



Total 



574.62 OZ. 



If we compare the muscles of these two subjects with 

 those of P. K. (p. 32), dissected in the prime of life, we find 

 reason to believe that 50 per cent, should be added to the 

 muscles of even the best selected subjects, in order to bring 

 them up to the standard of life. 



Thus, 



