132 ANIMAL MECHANICS. 



1. In the Bombay Goat I found the following results : — 



Flexor dig. profundus, . 100 



1. First finger, . . . 49.2 per cent. 



2. Second finger, . . . 50.8 „ 



Total, . . 100.0 



2. In the Llama, the following cross sections were ob- 

 tained : — 



Flexor dig. prof., . 85.6 per cent. 

 Friction, fyc., . . 14.4 ,, 



Total, . . 100.0 



1. First finger, . . . 49.1 percent. 



2. Second finger, . . 50.9 ,, 



Total, . . . 100.0 



In the hands of the animals previously described, the 

 cross section of the deep tendons of the fingers was less than 

 that of the common tendon above the wrist ; which is the es- 

 sential characteristic of a hand as distinguished from a foot. 

 In these Ungulates, however, we find that in the Goat, the 

 cross sections become equal, and that in the Llama, the cross 

 section of the finger flexors becomes greater than that of the 

 common tendon ; thus reducing the fore-foot of this animal 

 to the condition of a true foot, and degrading it from the 

 dignity of a paw, or hand. 



(e). The Rodents. — The only rodent, of which I have 



