538 



NEOSPORIDIA 



Bodies found by Sambon in Pseudochirus peregrinus. 



Sambon has found bodies in a lemur which may have some relationship 

 to the spores of Sarcocystis, but this is doubtful. 



Bodies described in Man by Castellani and Willey. 



These bodies were found and described in 1905 in two patients suffering 

 from irregular fever. They generally have a crescentic shape, 10 to 30 jm in 

 length, and 1-5 to 4 juin breadth. They often present vacuoles, and a nucleus 

 may be seen in some specimens, but not in all. The whole body stains bluish, 

 while here and there granules of chromatin can be seen. They cannot be 

 compared with malarial crescents, as they never contain pigment. These 

 bodies may be spores of Sarcocystis. 



Protozoal Bodies found in Dysentery. 



In 1 91 4 Castellani described a peculiar protozoal organism (Entoplasma 

 Castellanii Paul, 191 4) which he found in three cases of dysenteric colitis, in 

 which amoebae and dysenteric bacilli were absent. One of the cases had been 

 infected in Burma, and the other two probably in Ceylon. 



In fresh preparations the organisms 



— »— — — appeared as large pear-shaped or fiask- 



I shaped bodies, 60-80 microns in diam- 

 I eter, actively motile, and showing only 

 ! slight changes of shape while moving, 

 1 and no pseudopodia. 

 ) The anterior portion at its upper part 

 was shaken by very rapid vibratile 

 movements, as though produced by a 

 fiagellum. No such organella could be 

 seen in fresh or stained preparations 

 by Castellani or any other observer. 

 The cytoplasm was very vacuolated. 

 In stained preparations a group of 

 granular bodies could be seen, and were 

 thought by Mesnil to be a diffuse nucleus. 



j Chlamydozoa Prowazek, 1907. 



Fig. igg.-Enioplasma Castellami Definition.— The Chlamydozoa 

 Paul, 1914. are a collective group of minute 



parasites, which either live extra - 

 cellularly, when they are capable of passing through the usual 

 filters, or intracellularly, when they excite a reaction upon the 

 part of the enclosing cell which produces a substance which encloses 

 them as it were with a mantle, thus forming a cell inclusion. 



Remarks. — -This collective group was formed by Prowazek to 

 embrace a number of minute parasitic forms which become en- 

 closed in a cellular product as with a mantle. The general 

 tendency is to range these forms among the Protozoa. The minute 

 granules are the parasites, and the surrounding substance is either 

 plastin or chromatin from the nucleus, or a fatty substance. The 

 name Chlamydozoa is derived from the Greek ^mov, an animal, and 

 xXa/xv?, a mantle. At the present time doubt is expressed as to 

 causal action of the Chlamydozoa as well as to their parasitic nature. 



History. — ^^In 1907 Prowazek and Halberstaedter, on examining 

 trachoma smears stained by Giemsa's method, found dark blue 



