SPIROSCHA UDINNIA BERBERA 



447 



Spiroschaudinnia berbera Sergent and Foley, 1910. 



Spiroschaudinnia with minimal length of 12 jj, and irregular open 

 spirals or flexures. It can be inoculated into monkeys {Macacus 

 cynocephalus) and with difficulty into rats and mice. Subinocula- 

 tions can be made with difficulty from rat to rat and from mouse 

 to mouse. The immune serum is without effect upon 5. recurrentts. 

 It produces a mild infection in animals, but a severe one in man, 

 for whom it is the cause of North African and possibly Egyptian 

 relapsing fever. Probably it is spread by the agency of lice. 



Spiroschaudinnia morsusmuris Futaki, Takaki, Taniguchi, and 

 Osumi, 1917. 



Synonym,— Spirochcsfa morsusmuris . 



This spirochaete was found in the blood, skin, and lymph glands 

 of six patients suffering from rat-bite disease. 



The spirochaete is mobile and shows a single flage'ilum at each pole, 

 but no undulating membrane, and has generally three or four curves, 

 but may have two to nineteen. The smaller forms occur in the 

 blood and the larger in the tissues. 



Mice and white rats become affected, but guinea-pigs and monkeys 

 fail to do so. 



Spiroschaudinnia icterohsemorrhagiae Inada, Ido, Hoki, Kaneko, 



and Ito, 1915. 



Synonyms. — -Spirochcete iderohcBmarrhagicB Inada, etc., 1915; 

 S. icterogenes Uhlenhuth and Fromme; S. nodosa Huebener and 

 Reiter. 



Nomenclature. — Noguchi has created a new genus (see p. 439) 

 for this parasite, calling it Leptospira icterohcemorrhagice , and this 

 will probably be generally accepted. 



Fig. 133.- — Spiroschaudinnia icterohcsmorrhagicB Inada, etc. 



I This spirochaete is found during the first four weeks in the blood 

 and urine of patients suffering from infective jaundice (Weil's disease) 

 of the spirochaetal type, and can be inoculated into animals, produc- 

 ing jaundice. These observations have been confirmed by French, 



