SPIROSCHAUDINNIA BRONCHI ALIS 



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It is, according to Prowazek, the cause of ulcus tropicum, and is possibly 

 transmitted by a leech. Induces formation of pseudo -membranes. 



It is often associated with the so-called fusiform bacilli causing angina 

 Vincenti and, according to certain authors, hospital phagedsena "and noma. 



SpirosehaudinniaaboriginalisCleland, 1909. 



This spirochaete was found by Wise in British Guiana in 1906, and by 

 Cleland in West Australia in 1909 in cases of granuloma inguinale. Its length 

 is 6 to 18 [ji, and it possesses butfew coils, which vary in depth. The extremities, 

 according to Cleland, are blunt. Similar spirochaetes have been found by Wise 

 and others in a peculiar granulomatous affection, which attacks the genital 

 organs of dogs and bitches. It is believed at the present time that this 

 Spiroschaudinnia is not the cause of granuloma inguinale, but merely a 

 saprophyte. 



Spiroschaudinnia phagedenis Noguchi, 1912. 



Noguchi discovered this spirochaete in an indurated and ulcerated swelling 

 of the labium which had lasted ten days. It has been cultivated by him on 

 ascitic agar medium, and is a strict anaerobe. Length varies from 4 to 30 fju, 

 and the curves from i to 8 while young forms may be quite straight. Inoc- 

 ulated into monkeys and rabbits it causes transient inflammation. 



S. acuminata Castellani, 1905, and S. obtusa Castellani, 1905. 

 Found in the open sores of yaws. 



S. pseudopallida Mulzer, 1905. 

 Found in ulcerating carcinomata. 



Unnamed forms of cutaneous spirochaetes have been seen by von Prowazek 

 in cases of psoriasis. 



C. Respiratory Spirochetes. 

 Spiroschaudinnia bronchialis Castellani, 1907. 



The presence of this spirochaete and the disease which it causes 

 was first described by Castellani in 1906. They have been confirmed 

 by Branch in the West Indies, by Chalmers and O'Farrell in the Sudan, 



