EUPARYPHIUM MALAYANUM 



583 



Genus Euparyphium Odhner. 

 Euparyphium malayanum Leiper, 191 1. 



Synonym. — Echinostoma malayanum Leiper, 191 1. 



History. — -In 1911 Leiper received two consignments of flukes 

 from Dr. Macaulay of Singapore and from Dr. Stanton of Kuala 

 Lumpur which had been collected from the intestine of a Tamil 

 in the Malay States. 



Morphology. — It is a thick, fleshy trematode, light brown in colour, 12 milli- 

 metres in length, 3 millimetres in breadth, and i'3 millimetres in thickness. 

 The oral sucker is situated on a kidney-shaped anterior portion, which is 

 somewhat detached from the rest of the parasite by a furrow on either side. 

 This circumoral disc is surrounded by a row of forty-two stout spines. The 

 cuticle of the body is unevenly furnished with spines. The acetabulum is 

 several times larger than the oral sucker. The oral sucker lies in the middle 

 third of the circumoral disc, and leads into a spheroid muscular pharynx, 

 and so into the oesophagus, which bifurcates immediately behind the pharynx 

 into two branches, which are simple and end blindly at the posterior end of 

 the body. 



The deeply lobed testes lie one behind the other behind the acetabulum; 

 there is a well-developed cirrus pouch and a long, thick cirrus. The ovary is 

 smooth, and lies immediately in front of the anterior testis and just behind 

 the acetabulum. The yolk glands are numerous, extending from the aceta- 

 bulum to the posterior end of the body. The brown eggs are few in number 

 and large in size. 



Habitat. — ^Leiper does not think that this worm is a normal 

 parasite of man, and considers that domesticated animals, especially 

 cats and dogs, should be investigated for it. 



Pathogenicity. — Not stated. 



Subfamily Himasthlin^ Odhner, 1910. 



Definition. — Echinostomidae in which the cirrus sac extends 

 caudad to the acetabulum. 



Remarks.— The only genus with which we are concerned is : — 



Genus Artyfechinostomum Clayton-Lane, 1915. 



Definition. — 'Himasthlinae without strong rosethorn hooks. 

 Remarks. — There has been much dispute as to whether this is a 

 good genus or not. 



Type Species. — Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex Clayton-Lane, 191 5. 



Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex Clayton-Lane, 1915. 



Nomenclature. — Leiper has pointed out that this name clashes 

 with the recommendations of the International Rules : ' The use of 

 proper names in the formation of compound generic names is 

 objectionable.' However, the name cannot now be changed. 



History. — -The worm was found in a girl, aged eight years, on the 

 Ragnik Tea Estate in Assam, and was thought by Leiper to be 

 probably the same as Euparyphium malayanum ; but in 1917 

 Clayton-Lane showed that the cirrus sac extended 0*75 mm. caudad 

 to the acetabulum, a fact agreeing with the definition of the sub- 

 family. 



