POROCEPHALUS 



737 



Pathogemcity— So far only two cases have been recorded in man 

 — one at Djambi in Sumatra in 1906, when a nymph was found en- 

 cysted beneath the serous coat 

 of the small intestine of a 

 Djambi native who died of 

 dysentery, and the other was 

 found in the liver of a native 

 Filippino who died of tubercu- 

 losis. The liver in this latter 

 case showed signs of atrophic 

 cirrhosis. 



Fig. 359. — Ventral Aspect of 



THE CePHALOTHORAX OF PoVO- 



cephalus moniliformis Diesing, 

 1836. (X 5-) 



(After Sambon.) 



Fig. 360. — Povocephalus monili- 

 /orwis Diesing, 1836 ".Female, 

 Natural Size. 



Species imperfectly described in Man, 



In addition to the well-known cases of porocephalosis due to 

 Povocephalus armillatus and P. moniliformis, there are the following 

 cases to be discussed — -viz., Welch's parasite, Osier's parasite, and 

 Flint's parasite. Osier's parasite is considered to be doubtful, as 

 it was passed per uretkram, and might, according to Sambon, have 

 been a sparganum. 



Welch's Parasite. 



In the Lancet of November 16, 1872, F. H. Welch had an article 

 on ' The Presence of an Encysted Echinorhynchus in Man.' This 

 parasite was damaged in extraction, and his drawing was not very 

 instructive, but was sufficient to convince Cobbold, R. Blancliard, 

 and Sambon that it represented a Linguatulid, and it shows two 

 sets of hooks. The last-named observer comes to the conclusion 

 that it may be either a very early nymph of Porocephahis moniliformis 

 (provided with caducous accessory hooks), or it may be P. najcB 

 Leuckart, i860 (which is found in the abdominal muscles and peri- 

 toneum of the cobra), or P. crocidurcB Parona, 1890 (found in 

 Crocidura fuliginosa, a musk-shrew), or it may be a new species. 



47 



