CULICOIDES GRAHAM I 



805 



of the naked species are laid in water, attached to floating algae; 

 and give rise to white worm-like larvae and small pupae, with 

 prominent respiratory horns. The eggs of the hairy species are laid 

 in decaying vegetal matter, and give rise to small larvae. 



Culicoides grahami Austen, 1909. 



Synonyms, — Culicoides habereri Becker, 1909; (Ecada hosiilissima 

 Pittaluga, 1910. 



This minute fly appears to be extremely common, and to be 

 almost the most troublesome of these blood-thirsty insects in 

 tropical Africa. It is known in the Spanish Guinea, Ashanti, 

 Congo Free State, Uganda, Kamerun, Southern Nigeria, Angola. 

 For fuller particulars see Austen's 'African Blood-Sucking Flies,' 

 p. 7, Plate I.J Fig. 3, and Pittaluga's works. 



Culicoides varius Winnertz, 1867. 

 This is the blood-thirsty species in Europe. 



(Ecacta Poey, 1851. 



This genus is closely related to Ceratopogon and Culicoides. The antennae 

 have fifteen and the palpi five joints. Ocelli are present. The wings have 

 few cells. The tibial spurs and the pulvilli are absent. The sexes are similar, 

 but the antennae of the male are more hairy than those of the female. 



Species. — (Ecacta fuvens Poey, 1851, found in America, but according to 

 Austen (Ecacta hostilissima Pittaluga, 191 2, is the same as Culicoides 

 grahami Austen, 191 2. 



(Ecacta furens Poey, 1851. 

 This is the jejen of Cuba, which is said to be very irritating. Its length is 

 2 millimetres from the head to the end of the abdomen. Frons and antennae 

 rufous. Thorax bronze-coloured with fuscous spots; abdomen fuscous; legs 

 with whitish articulations and a ring upon each femur; tibia fuscous. Wings 

 broad, whitish, with fuscous spots. They are covered with minute scales and 

 possess conspicuous marginal fringes. 



Bezzia Kieffer, 1899. 



Synonym. — Ceratopogon Meigen, 1803, pro parte. CeratopogonincB with 

 bare wings and tarsi without empodia. Radius with three branches. 

 Type. — Bezzia ornata Meigen, 1803. 



Brachypogon Kieffer, 1899. 



CeratopogonincB with bare wings, media coalescent with R4+ 5, pulvilli 

 absent. 



Type. — Brachypogon vitiosus Winnertz, 1852 (?) 1846 (?). 



Ceratolophus Kieffer, 1899. 



Synonym. — J ohannseniella Wil.liston. CeratopogonincB with bare wings, 

 simple Rj and Rg connected by cross vein, tarsal claws without teeth. 



Type. — Ceratolophus femoratus Fabricius, C . fulcithorax Austen, 1912, isthe 

 first Cerotolophus to be described in Africa. 



