TROPICAL KALA-AZAR 883 



Tropical Kala-Azar. 



Parasite. 



Inter- 

 mediate 

 Host. 



Intermediate 

 Reservoir. 



Trans- 

 mission. 



Definitive 

 Host, 



Method of 

 Infection. 



Leishmania 

 donovani. 



Man. 



(?) 







Parasites 

 passed in 

 faeces. 



Ingestive (?). 



Water 

 insect (?). 



Biting 

 insects (?). 



Cysts in 

 drinking- 

 water (?). 



Ingestive (?). 

 Inocula- 

 tive (?). 



Mediterranean Kala-Azar. 



Parasite. 



Inter- 

 mediate 

 Host. 



Inter- 

 mediate 

 Reservoir. 



Trans- 

 mission. 



Host 

 Nature 

 Doubtful. 



Method of 

 Infection. 



Leishmania 

 infantum. 



Man. 



Dogs (?). 



Blood-suck- 

 ing insect (?). 



Inocula- 

 tive (?). 



Fleas (?). 



Blood-sucking 

 insect (?). 



Inoculative (?). 

 Contamina- 

 tive (?). 



Coccidiosis. — ^The discovery of a coccidial oocyst in a fly's intestine 

 by Wenyon and O'Connor suggests that possibly this is the method 

 of infection of man by these parasites, the fly only acting as an 

 intermediary host, as in the case of Loeschia. Perhaps this ought to 

 be included with chance infections. 



Malaria. — ^The three well-recognized malarial parasites have as 

 their definitive host various species of anopheline mosquitoes. The 

 classification of the Anophelinse is as follows: — 



A. Costa with less than four main dark spots — Protoanopheles. 



B. Costa with four main dark spots : — 



I. Sixth vein with not more than three dark spots — Deuteroano- 



pheles. 



II. Sixth vein with more than three dark spots — Neoanopheles. 

 The Neoanopheles have no malarial carriers. 



DIVISION I.: PROTOANOPHELES Christophers, 191 i. 



The division contains the following genera: — 



A. Costa without pale areas : — 



I. Female palps with second segment disproportionately long — 

 Stethomyia. 



II. Female palps with second segment not disproportionately long — - 



Anopheles. 



