ASCOMYCETES AND BASIDIOMYCETES 



ORDER ASPERGILLALES. 

 Definition. — Euascomycetes with asci gathered into definite 

 cyhndrical or globose perithecia. 

 Type Family.- — Aspergillaceae. 



Classification. — The order contains a number of famiHes, which 

 may be recognized as follows:- — 



A. Peridium of loose floccose hyphae — Gymnoascacecs Baranetsky, 1872. 



B. Peridium compact: — 



I. Perithecia small : — 



{a) Perithecia mostly sessile: — 



1. Peridia closed — Aspergillacecs. 



2. Peridia open — THchocomacece . 



{b) Perithecia mostly stalked — Oxygenacece. 

 II. Perithecia large — ElaphomycetacecB and other families. 



Only the Gymnoascacese and the Aspergillacese concern us. 



FAMILY GYMNOASCACE^ Baranetzky, 1872. 



Definition. — Aspergillales with the peridium composed of loose 

 hyphae, at the extremities of which the asci are situate, or without 

 perithecial or ascal formation, and reproducing (as far as is known), 

 as a rule, by mycelial or conidial spores. 



Type Genus. — Gymnoascus Baranetzky, 1872. 



Classification. — Erom the definition given above, it is obvious 

 that the family is capable of being divided into two tribes, as 

 follows : — 



A. Ascomycetes type : — 



With perithecia and asci — Tribe i, GymnoascecB Castellani and 

 Chalmers, 191 8. 



B. Fungi Imperfecti type : — 



Without perithecia or asci. Reproduction asexual by mycelial 

 and conidial spores — Tribe 2, Trichophytonecs Castellani and 

 Chalmers, 191 8. 



The first tribe includes the genera Myxotrichum Kiinze, 1823 ; 

 Gymnoascus Baranetzky, 1872 ; Ctenomyces Eidam, 1880 ; Amauro- 

 ascus Schroeter, 1893 ; Arachniotus Schroeter, 1893 ; and Eidamella 

 Matruchot and Dassonville, 1901; but these are not directly con- 

 cerned with tropical medicine, and will only receive a passing notice 

 as required in the following pages. 



The second tribe is, however, of considerable importance, and 

 must be considered in some detail; but we must first inquire why 

 the genus Trichophyton and its allies, which are included in this 

 tribe, should be classified here. 



It must be pointed out that Vuillemin would classify all these 

 genera as follows: — Class, Fungi Imperfecti; Order, Thallosporales; 

 Suborder i, Blast osporineae; Family, Oosporacese; Genus, Achorion; 

 Suborder 2, Arthrosporinese ; Genera, Microsporum, Trichophyton, 

 etc. 



