988 



ASCOMYCETES AND BASIDIOMYCETES 



nor the conidia usually seen in Trichophyton cultures, and therefore he 

 considers their demonstration to be still incomplete. 



Chalmers and Marshall in 191 4 pointed out that they had found oval 

 perithecia in very old cultures of Trichophyton currii. The peridium was 

 at first loose, but hardened later, and contained a number of asci situate at 

 different levels, but these were degenerate and did not contain ascosnores. 

 The perithecia were judged to belong to the Trichophyton, because there was 

 no sign at any time of any other organism in or on the growth, macroscopically 

 or microscopically, and the perithecia appeared at the same time all through 

 the culture. When very old the peridium became compact and like that of 

 the Aspergillacese. but at that stage they consisted of the outer wall only, the 

 contents having all disappeared. They therefore considered that their 

 observation supported the views of Matruchot and Dassonville. 



We therefore classify the genus Trichophyton in the Gymnoasca- 

 ceae, but the very large number of species included in that genus 

 exhibit such different characters that they can easily be arranged 

 in groups, which appear to us to be of generic value, especially as 

 we know that Malmsten meant only the form we now call ' endo- 

 thrix ' to be designated by his name Trichophyton, because he 

 states: — 'The mould formation appears in the root of the hair, 

 and it occurs only inside of the hair, between its fibres, so that the 

 epithelial layer is uninfected; besides, there is no mould formation 

 to be found among the epidermal cells, so that one can say with 

 good reason that the disease absolutely belongs to the hair.' 



We have therefore distinguished the other groups by the generic 

 names Ectotrichophyton, Neotrichophyton, and Atrichophyton, given 

 below. 



Fig. 494. — 



Microsporum audouini 

 Gruby. 



(After Bodin.) 

 I, Chlamydospores ; 2, spindle; 3,pluri- 

 septate spindle; 4, spore-bearing 

 hypha ; type Acladium. 



Fig. 495. — ■ Micvospoium audouini 

 Gruby. 

 (From cultures.) 

 I, Septate spindle body; 2, mycelium, 

 with denticulated structures. 



Tribe Trichophytone^ Castellani and Chalmers, 1918. 

 Definition. — G3^mnoascaceae of the Fungi Imperfecti type. 

 Type Genus. — Trichophyton Malmsten, 1845. 



