FILARIIDM 



to a widening of the cuticle. The ventral aspect is here covered 

 with cuticular plates, and there are four pairs of pedunculated 

 external papilla and a number of sessile internal papillae and unequal 

 spicules. Female; vulva situated anteriorly. Eggs thick-shelled 

 and smooth. 



Physaloptera caucasica von Linstow, 1902. 



This has only been found once by Menetries in the aUmentary canal of 

 man in the Caucasus. 



Male 1-42 millimetres long by 0-71 millimetre broad. Female 27 millimetres 

 long by 1-14 millimetres broad. Eggs 57 by 39 /i. 



Physaloptera mordens Leiper, 1907. 



Leiper has recently described a large number of cases of infection 

 with Physaloptera in natives of tropical Africa, which differed from 

 P. caucasica not only in size, but in the length of the spicules in 

 the male. 



Family 6. Filariid^ Claus, 1885. 



Synonyms. — -Filaridea Cams, 1863; Filariadea Leuckart, 1876; 

 FilaridcB Cobbold; Filarides Assenova, 1899. 



Definition. — Long filiform nematodes with uniform diameter, and 

 a straight head provided with two latero-median and four submedian 

 papillae. Mouth terminal, with two lips, and occasionally a more 

 or less distinct buccal capsule. (Esophagus slender, elongated, 

 and may be divided into two portions, but has no posterior bulb. 

 Mid -gut present, rectum present, anus subterminal. 



Males with one or two unequal spicules and a spirally recurved 

 tail, provided with papillae, and in some cases with lateral alse. 

 Females larger than the males, with or without a vulva in the 

 gravid worms, which, when present, is situate anteriorly. Uterus 

 usually double. All species parasitic and ovo viviparous, with a 

 change of host in at least certain species. 



Type GenvLS—Filaria Miiller, 1787. 



The genus Filaria was created by Miiller in 1787, unfortunately 

 without naming a particular type, which Stiles suggests should 

 be Filaria martis Gmelin, 1790 {F. perjorans). This 's found in 

 Mustela martes L., the pine-marten of Europe, and was one of the 

 parasites originally described by Miiller. This parasite requires to 

 be restudied before definite characters can be given for the genus. 



ClassiUcadon.— The subfamilies are FilariiiicB and Onchocercince. 



Subfamily Filariin^ Stiles, 1907. 



Filaria Muller, 1787. 



Definition. — ^This is doubtful. Filariidae with long slender fili- 

 form bodies; an tenor extremity attenuated, obtuse; posterior very 

 attenuated, more so than the head. Cuticle without transverse 

 striation, and without bosses. Male shorter than the female, with 

 spirally bent tail provided with lateral cuticular alae, pre- and post- 



