MONILIA 



1091 



Monilia blanchardi (Castellani, 1912). 



Synonym. — Endomyces blanchardi Castellani, 1912. 



Isolated from tea-dust by Castellani. Grows abundantly on 

 maltose, glucose, and other sugar media; also on ordinary agar, 

 though less vigorously. The growth is of a white colour and 

 smooth surface.. Milk rendered at first very slightly acid, and then 

 alkaline. No liquefaction of gelatine or serum. Does not produce 

 gas in any sugar except, in small quantity, in glucose. 



Monilia bethaliensis Pijper, 1918. 



Found by Pijper in a case of bronchitis. Ferments glucose and 

 maltose with production of gas. Action on levulose not known. 

 Gelatine not liquefied, milk not clotted. 



Monilia rosea (Zenoni, 1912). 



Synonym. — Oidium roseum non liquefaciens Zenoni, 191 2. 



The cultures on Sabouraud's and other sugar media are of a pinkish colour. 

 Neither serum nor gelatine are liquefied. 



Pathogenicity. — Was isolated by Zenoni in a peculiar case of hepatitis with 

 fever and jaundice which ended fatally. Microscopically conidia and myce- 

 lial filaments could be seen very abundant in and about the smaller hepatic 

 bloodvessels and the bile-ducts. The fungus is pathogenic to rabbits, guinea- 

 pigs, and white rats. 



Monilia subtilis (Blanchard, 1895). 



Synonyms. — Oidium subtile cutis Babes, 1895; Mycoderma subtile Yerdun, 

 1912. 



Found by Babds in some ulcers on which the fungus produced white mem- 

 branes. The mycelial threads were thinner than in most species of Monilia. 

 There was dichotomous branching, and at the extremities of the mycelial 

 threads ovoid conidia were present. Biochemical properties of the fungus 

 not known. Pathogenic for the rabbit. 



The same, or a very similar, fungus was later found by Clozel, de Boyer, 

 and d'Antin in a peculiar pustular affection observed in cachectic children. 



Monilia pulmonea (Bennett, 1842). 



Synonyms. — -Oidium pulmoneum Bennett, 1842; Odspora pulmonea Sac- 

 cardo, 1886; Mycoderma pulmoneum Vuillemin, 1891. 



The organism was found in a case of pneumothorax by Bennett in 1842, 

 it was observed again by Vuillemin in the sputum of a tubercular patient in 

 1 891, and in an ulcerative dermatitis by Balzer, Burnier, and Gougerot in 

 1 910. It grows under two types— a saccharomyces-like and a filamentous 

 type. Colonies on glucose agar white. Biochemical reactions not given, 



Monilia Candida (Bonorden, 1851). 

 Synonym. — M. bonordeni Vuillemin. 



Commonly found vegetating in decomposing vegetable matter ; occasionally 

 seen parasitic in Mammalia, giving rise to white patches on the tongue and 

 buccal mucosa, somewhat similar to human thrush. Once found in a child in 

 some white patches present on the tongue. Mycelium elements easily disso- 

 ciated. Yeast-like coni dial elements. Pellicles in fluid sugar media. Ferments 

 glucose and saccharose, and, according to Bau, dextrin. Its action on other 

 carbohydrates and gelatine has not been recorded. Mycelial tubes, thinner 

 than in most Monilias (i to in breadth) ; conidia roundish, smooth, 7 to 8 ^ 

 in diameter. Biochemical actions of the fungus have not yet been investigated 

 completely. Found in cow-dung, on which it forms white membranes. 



