E URHIPICEPHA L US 



713 



Pathogenicity. — It spreads Piroplasma ovis, which causes ' heart- 

 water ' in sheep, the infection being carried from an adult female 

 through the eggs to the adult ticks of the next generation, which 

 alone are capable of transmitting the disease. 



Figs. 324-326. — Eurhipicephalus pulchellus Gerstacker, 1873: 

 Ventral Aspect. 



a, Male (X 10) ; b, mouth parts (more highly magnified) ; c, female (X 10). 



Eurhipicephalus simus Koch, 1844. 



Synonyms, — -Rhipicephalus senegalensis Koch, 1844; Rh. pmten- 

 tatus Gerstacker, 1893. 



This tick is found in various parts of Africa — viz., Egypt, late 

 German East Africa, and the Cape. It has several varieties — e.g., 

 E. simus erlangeri, E. simus hilgerti, E. simus shipleyi. In South 

 Africa it is called the black-pitted tick, because of its punctations, 

 and causes ' coast fever ' by spreading Theileria parva. Male oval, 

 rounded posteriorly; 4 by 2-2 millimetres. Scutum brown-red. 

 Female oval, 6 by 3 millimetres. 



Eurhipicephalus sanguineus Latreille, 1804. 



Synonyms,— sanguineus Latreille, 1804 ; /. rufus Koch, 1844. 



Synonym of Nymph. — Phauloixodes rufus Berlese, 1889. 



This is the common dog tick, by which Piroplasma canis is spread, 

 which it acquires as an adult, and transmits in the succeeding 

 nymphal and adult stages. It also spreads Hcemogregarina canis. 

 It is practically cosmopolitan. 



The female has an elliptical body, wider in front than behind: 

 II by 7 millimetres, reddish-brown in colour. Scutum very small; 

 integument nearly or completely without hairs. The mandibles 

 have an internal apophysis with three teeth, arranged one internally 

 and two externally; and an external apophysis with three teeth, 

 arranged in series. 



