FILARIA OZZARDI 



639 



. They also undergo development, obtaining an alimentary canal 

 and a three-lobed tail. When so far developed, they leave the 

 thorax and pass through the prothorax and head into the labium, 

 where they remain until the mosquito bites a man, when they 

 escape into the skin by making their way through Button's 

 membrane, which is a thin membrane between the labella and the 

 chitinous skeleton of the labium, as was demonstrated byLebredo. 

 (For further details see Chapter LXVI.) 



Their further development in man is not known, but in due course 

 they become adults. 



Pathogenicity. — -Usually non-pathogenic, these worms under 

 certain circumstances can cause elephantoid fever, elephantiasis, 

 lymph scrotum, etc., or, in other words, filariasis. 



Filaria taniguchi Penel, 1905. 



This Filaria was found in a lymphatic gland from a person living 

 in Ama Kusha in Japan. Only the female and the microfilaria are 

 known. 



The former measured 68 millimetres in length and 0-2 milli- 

 metre in breadth, and had a non-striated cuticle, a terminal mouth 

 with two pairs of papillae, an anus 0-23 millimetre in front of the 

 posterior extremity, and a vulva 1-3 millimetres behind the 

 mouth. 



The latter measured 164 ^ long hySfju broad, possessed a sheath 

 and a truncated tail, and showed a nocturnal periodicity. Leiper 

 regards this species as the same as F. hancrofti. 



Life-History.— Not known. 



Pathogenicity. — ^Not known. 



Filaria ozzardi Manson, 1897. 



Synonyms. — Filaria ozzardi Manson, 1897 ; F. juncea Railliet, 1908. 



In 1895 Manson discovered a microfilaria in blood-films from 

 natives of St. Vincent in the West Indies, which he named Filaria 

 demarquayi, after the discoverer of the microfilaria of F. hancrojti. 

 In 1897 he found in blood-films from Carib Indians of British 

 Guiana another microfilaria, which is the same as that called 

 F. demavquayi, but which he provisionally considered to be a 

 different species, and called F. ozzardi. The name demarquayi 

 is preoccupied. 



Lately Penel and Manson have come to regard them as identical. 

 Galgey found the adult females in the West Indies. 



It is found in St. Vincent, Dominica, Trinidad, St. Lucia, in the 

 West Indies, and in British Guiana, where it is found in jungly 

 districts. The adults live in the connective tissue at the root of 

 the mesentery and elsewhere. 



Morphology.— The male has not yet been described, and only a 

 fragment of a posterior end has been found. The female measures 

 65 to 80 millimetres in length and 0-21 to 0-25 millimetre in breadth, 



