i620 THE MYIASES AND ALLIED CONDITIONS 



Cobo, who States that in each wound caused by the common mosquito 

 there grows a spine-covered worm the size of a haricot bean or larger. 



About this time Fernehus described some form of nasal infesta- 

 tion — ^perhaps a myiasis — -as occurring in soldiers. 



In 1687 Leuwenhoek, in Europe, mentions two cases, one of 

 dermal myiasis in the leg of a woman who made a good recovery, 

 and another in the mouth of a second woman, who died. The larvae 

 are thought by Hope to belong to the Muscidae. 



Modern Knowledge. — With the appearance of the work of Antonio 

 Valhsneri in the early years of the eighteenth century, a much 

 better conception of these infestations of animals and man became 

 possible, and from this time onwards the knowledge of the subject 

 increased and improved. In 1745 there appeared a work entitled 

 ' Relation abregee d'un voyage fait dans I'interieur de I'Amerique 

 Meridionale,' by De la Condamine, where, on p. 170, he mentions 

 the/ ver macaque ' — i.e., the larva of Dermatohia hominis (Linnaeus 

 junior), and says that it takes its birth in the wounds made by a 

 kind of mosquito, but from whence its egg comes is unknown. This 

 observation has since been fully confirmed by recent research. ' In 

 1757 Arture drew attention to the occurrence of Dermatohia 

 hominis in Cayenne, and in 178 1 Linnaeus junior»did the same as 

 regards Peru in a letter addressed to Pallas, in which he gave the 

 fly its present name. Gmelin subsequently published this letter. 



Somewhere about this time Turner described two cases of urinary 

 myiasis in England. 



In 1770 Wohlfart published an account of rhinal myiasis in his 

 work entitled ' De Vermibus per nares excretis.' 



In 1809 Azara gave a history of his journey in 1781-1801 into 

 Paraguay, and wrote an account of a rhinal myiasis, most probably 

 due to the larvae of the fly we now call Chrysomyia macellaria. 



About the same time Lempriere described the same condition 

 in Jamaica, where it caused the death of a woman, and Sells gave 

 an account of probably the same larva causing infestations of the 

 eyes, ears, nose, and mouth in the same islands. Some of Sells's 

 cases ended in recovery and others in death. Also about the same 

 time (1806) comes the case of the soldier beheved to be infested with 

 (Estrus hominis Curtis in the skin near the scapula in Surinam. 



In 18 17 Schock studied gastro-intestinal myiasis. 



In 1830 a sailor in Demerara is noted to be suffering from myiasis 

 in the arm. This was thought to be caused by a species of (Estrus. 

 In 1832 Howship recorded (Estrus hominis in the scrotum of a 

 carpenter in Colombia; in 1835 Guyon mentioned a dermal myiasis 

 in a negro in Martinique; in 1837 Hope described Dermatohia 

 hominis in the head of a man, and called it CEstrus guildingii, after 

 L. Guilding of Trinidad, who found the case. 



In 1840 there appeaned the classical and much neglected work 

 on the whole subject by Hope, in which not merely are the older 

 accounts gathered together, but also clear definitions of the various 

 conditions are provided. 



