PITYROSPORUM 



1077 



Cryptococcus myrmeciae Chalmers and Christ opherson, 1914. 



Cryptococcus measuring i •4-2-1 microns in diameter, found in a 

 case of murmekiasmosis amphilaphes in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. 



All attempts at cultivation on a large series of media under aerobic 

 and anaerobic conditions at 20°, 37°, and 40° C. failed, as did inocula- 

 tions into monkeys and dogs. It was named because of its associa- 

 tion with the peculiar disease called murmekiasmosis, but evidence 

 was wanting that it was the causal organism, although its associa- 

 tion was intimate. 



Genus Pityrosporum Sabouraud, 1895. 

 Synonym. — Dermatophyton Dodd, 1910. 



Definition. — -Cryptococcaceae without well-developed double con- 

 tour. 



Type Species.— Pityrosporum ovale (Bizzozzero, 1882). 



Remarksl and Classification.— This genus, which is difficult to 

 classify, is allied in appearance, in some forms, to a budding yeast, 

 and as such comes close to Cryptococcus. No species has so far 

 been cultivated (Dodd claims to have cultivated P. ntalassezi), 

 but two are known — viz. : P. ovale Bizzozzero, 1882 (synonyms, Sac- 

 charomyces capillitii Oudemans and Pekelharing, 1885; 5. sphcericus 

 Bizzozzero, 1884 ; 5. ovalis Bizzozzero, 1889 ; Pityrosponim malas- 

 sezi Sabouraud, 1895, often called the bottle bacillus of Malassez, in 

 cases of pityriasis simplex capitis and pityriasis alba in Europe) 

 and P. cantliei (Castellani, 1908) in cases of seborrhcea capitis in 

 children in Ceylon. 



They may be distinguished as follows : — 



A. Flask-shaped or oval, 3 to 15 microns, but usually small — Ovale. 



B. Generally roundish, 5 to 16 microns, but usually large — Cantliei. 



Fig. 560. — Pityrosporum ovale Fig. 561. — Pityrosporum ovaU . 



Bizzozzero. Bizzozzero. 

 (After Sabouraud.) 



Pityrosporum ovale (Bizzozzero, 1882). 



Synonyms. — Saccharomyces ovalis Bizzozzero, 1882 ; Pityrosporum 

 malassezi Sabouraud, 1895. Usual term : bottle bacillus of Malassez. 



This organism was first described by Bizzozzero, who considered 

 it to be a Saccharomyces. Malassez and Sabouraud associated this 



