I5IO 



WAR ZONE FEVERS 



organisms, as shown by haemocultures, and by the absence of the 

 enteric serum reactions in the later stages. 



From malarial jaundice it can be diagnosed by the absence of 

 malarial parasites in the blood and also by the absence of serious 

 symptoms. 



Prognosis. — ^This is favourable quoad vitam, but the course of 

 the disease may be prolonged, and for weeks and months the patient 

 may be very depressed and weak. 



Treatment.- — ^There is no specific therapy, and hence treatment 

 must be symptomatic, with rest in bed, milk diet, and urotropin 

 in lo-grain doses three times a day. 



Prophylaxis. — ^The urine and faeces should be disinfected. 



Nanukayami. 



A seven-day fever resembling a typical Weil's disease has been 

 reported from several Japanese observers from the province of 

 Fukuoka. Ido, Ito and Wani have found that the causative agent 

 is a spirochsete — S. hebdomadis — which is serologically distinct 

 from 5. icterohcemorrhagicB. The normal host of the spirochaete 

 seems to be the field-mouse, Microtus montehelli. 



REFERENCES. 



The Tropical Diseases Bulletin is most useful for the diseases of the war 

 zones, as it contains not merely epitomes of English, French, Italian, and 

 Greek papers, but also those written by Germans. 



Archibald, Hadfield, Lodgan, and Campbell (1916). Journal of the 

 R.A.M.C., June. 



Arkwright, Bacot, and Duncan (1919). Trans. Soc. Trop. Med. (Rickettsia 



in Trench Fever). 

 Balfour (191 5). Diseases of the Mediterranean War Zone. 

 Bradford, Bashford, and Wilson (1919). Brit. Med. Journ., February i. 

 Buchanan (191 7). Proceedings Royal Society of Medicine (Certain Epidemics 



of the Eastern Campaigns), vol. ii.. No. 2, 1-30. 

 Byam, Carroll, Churchill, Dimond, Lloyd, Sorapure, and Wilson (1918). 



Trans. Soc. Trop. Med. 

 Carnot and Turquety (191 7). Les maladies d'importation exotique depuis 



la guerre. Paris. 



Castellani (191 7). Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, July 16; 

 August I, 15; September i, 15; October i (Diseases of the Balcanic 



War Zone). 



Castellani (1918). Annali Medicina Navale. 



Dawson, Hume and Bedson (1917). Brit. Med. Jour. 



Hurst (1918). Medical Diseases of the War. Second edition. London. 



Ido, Ito and Wani (191 8). Jour. Exper. Med. (Nanukayami). 



Inada, Ido, Hoki, Kaneko, Ito (1916). Jour. Exper. Med. 



Legroux (1916). C. R. Soc. Biologic. 



Martin and Pettit (191 9). Spirochetose Icterohemorragique. Paris. 

 McNee, Renshaw and Brunt (1916). Brit. Med. Jour., February 12. 

 NoGUCHi (191 7). Jour. Exper. Med. 



RiVAS (191 7). New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal (Consequences of 

 the European War from a Medical Point of View). London. 



Stokes and Ryle (1916). Jour. Royal Army Med. Corps, vol.xxvii.. No. 3. 



Strong, Swift, Opie, McNeal, Baelzer, Pappenheimer, Peacock, Rapport 

 (191 8). Trench Fever. Oxford. 



