AFRICAN DERMAL MYIASIS 



Post-Warble Stage. — After a period varying from six weeks to 

 six months the larva escapes and leaves behind an empty cavity, 

 which is closed b} granulation tissue and heals, leaving a hardly 

 visible scar. 



Complications. — Secondary bacterial infections may take place, 

 giving rise to erysipelas, tetanus, lymphangitis, and enlargement 

 of the lymphatic glands. If the larva dies an abscess is formed. 



Diagnosis. — The cardinal points in the diagnosis are: — 



1. The formation of boil-like swellings on the skin. 



2. The presence of an aperture at the apex of these swellings. 



3. The presence of the posterior end of a larva, with its stigmata 

 in the opening. 



4. The boils forming in the neotropical zoological region. 

 Treatment. — The native places a tobacco-leaf over the aperture in 



the warble, or squirts tobacco-juice therein, and after twenty-four 

 hours squeezes the larva out. 



Tincture of iodine may be used in a similar manner or i in 20 

 carbolic lotion. When the larva has departed, wash the empty 

 warble out with antiseptic lotion and dress aseptically. 



African Dermal Myiasis. 



The known form of African dermal myiasis is tumhu disease, 

 caused by members of the Calliphorinae subfamily of the Muscidae. 



TuMBu Disease. 



Definition. — Tumbu disease is an African dermal myiasis caused 

 by the larvae of Cordylohia anthropophaga E. Blanchard and allied 

 species living under the skin. 



Historical. — It was reported from Senegal, where the larva is 

 called ' ver de cayor ' by Berenger Feraud, and later by E. Blanchard 

 from. Natal, when it was called the Natal worm, while the fly was 

 named Ochromyia anthropophaga. A similar larva was found in the 

 arm of Commander Lund in the Congo, and was long known as 

 Lund's larva until it received the name Cordylohia rodhaini Gedoelst, 

 1905. 



In 1901 it was reported that there was a maggot fly in Natal, 

 limited to the coast, not extending inland, and not rising higher 

 than 1,000 feet. It was also found about Delagoa Bay, in Rhodesia, 

 British Central Africa, Uganda, and the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. 

 Unfortunately this fly was recognized as Wdlker'?, Bengali a depressa, 

 when it was really the well-known Cordylohia anthropophaga, and the 

 true Bengalia is altogether a different'genus, probably an Auchmero- 

 myia with an unknown life-history. It also occurs in late 

 German East Africa, where it was called Ochromyia anthropophaga 

 by Griinberg and Cordylohia grUnhergi by Doenitz. 



Austen has described a third species, Cordylohia prcegrandis, in 

 Nyasaland, Cape Colony, Transvaal, Natal, North- West Rhodesia, 

 and late German East Africa, and contributed a valuable paper on 



