ox ALU RI A 



1933 



by Fisher, and are therefore unable to state where the infection 

 was situate. 



(10) The very brief note by Ward, Coles, and Friel arouses the 

 doubt as to whether the amoebae really came from the patient, 

 because they do not state whether these bodies were merely seen 

 once, or whether they were of frequent occurrence. They call the 

 organism Amoeba urince granulata, but, as Fantham has pointed out, 

 in no case can this name stand. 



(11) Scott Macfie, owing to the non-return of the patient to the 

 hospital, was unable to define the site of the infection in his first case. 



All the cases which we have met with have been associated with 

 symptoms which have pointed to the pelvis of the kidney as the 

 probable source of infection. 



Climatology. — Cases are known in Europe, Africa, and Asia. 



.ffitiology.-— It is possible that all reported cases were due to 

 Loeschia histolytica. 



Symptomatology — Amoebic Pyelitis. — With or without the history 

 of previous amoebiasis in the form of amoebic dysentery or other 

 amoebic infection, a person is seized with an attack of lumbar pain 

 associated with the passage of turbid urine, with or without blood, 

 and slight fever, the temperature rising to 99°-ioo° F. 



The urine, if collected and examined after centrifuging, will be 

 seen to contain a deposit of red blood cells, leucocytes, and amoebae 

 in a precystic stage, and more or less degenerate. 



The blood, when examined, has been found to show: — 



Polymorphonuclear leucocytes . . . . . . 6i*o 



Mononuclear leucocytes . . . . . . . . 8*4 



Large lymphocytes . . . . . . . . . . 22*4 



Small lymphocytes . . . . . . . . . . 5*6 



Eosinophile leucocytes . . . . . . . . . . 2*2 



M^st cells . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-4 



Total . . . . . . lOO'O 



Amoebic Cystitis.— In these cases there is pain and straining at 

 the end of micturition. On examination the urine shows motile 

 amoebae. 



Treatment. — The treatment is to give urotropine by the mouth and 

 emetine intramuscularly. 



OXALURIA. 



Definition. — Oxaluria is the deposit in abnormal quantity of 

 oxalate crystals in the urine, and should be restricted to cases 

 which show an increase in the quantity excreted in the day. 



Historical. — The crystals of calcium oxalate were discovered by 

 Donne in 1838, and were much discussed for a time, being made the 

 basis of the oxahc acid diathesis of Prout, Golding, Bird, andBegbie; 

 but as a result of Smoler and Bacon's investigations, this theory 

 fell to the ground. In 1896 Dunlop attributed them to the oxalates 

 in the food, and in 1900 Baldwin conducted a series of experiments 



