PSE UDOCHOLERA —REFERENCES 



1821 



dysentery group, and therefore of dysenteric origin. Recently 

 Besredka in cases of so-called trench chohmic diarrhoea has also found 

 bacilli of the dysentery group. The onset is sudden, and at times 

 the symptoms may be mild, but more commonly they are severe. 

 The patient passes a number of serous motions resembling those of 

 cholera. There may be algidity, cramps, and the illness may 

 terminate in death. In most cases, however, the motions are now 

 and then tinged with blood, which arouses suspicion as to its 

 dysenteric nature. Microscopical examination of a fresh prepara- 

 tion of the faeces may show a few red cells and leucocytes, instead 

 of the epithelial desquamation found in true cholera. Bacterio- 

 logical examination demonstrates the presence of dysentery bacilli 

 and the absence of cholera and paracholera vibrios. 



Malarial Pseudocholera. 



This type is not rare in the tropics. The onset is sudden, with 

 profuse serous diarrhoea, algidity, and other symptoms closely 

 resembling true cholera (see p. 1177).. 



If the spleen is enlarged the diagnosis is facilitated, though true 

 cholera may develop in cases of malarial infection. Microscopical 

 examination of the blood and bacteriological investigation of the 

 faeces are also useful in demonstrating the presence of malarial 

 parasites and the absence of cholera and paracholera vibrios. 

 Intramuscular injections of quinine quickly cures this type of 

 choleraic diarrhoea. 



Pseudocholera caused by Poisons. 



This is most usually caused by arsenic, which is commonly in use 

 in the tropics, especially in Ceylon, where it can be bought in the 

 local markets. The diagnosis may be established by the history 

 and by chemical analysis of the vomit and faeces and negative 

 bacteriological examination. 



REFERENCES. 

 Cholera. 



The most useful general reference is Rogers's excellent work (191 1), 'Cholera 

 and its Treatment,' London. A valuable recent work is Violie's monograph 

 (191 9), * Le Cholera,* Paris. 



Bayliss (1919). British Medical Journal, June 7. 



Blell (1906-07). Zeitschrift fiir Hygiene, Iv. 187. (Immunization with 

 Nucleo-Proteid.) 



Castellani (1917) . A Method to Facilitate the Isolation of the Cholera Vibrio 

 and Other Organisms. British Medical Journal, October 13, and Journal 

 of Tropical Medicine, December i, 



Craster (1913). Journal of Infectious Diseases, xii. 3, pp. 472-480, Chicago. 



Crendiropoulo (1913). Recherches sur les Vibrions au Lazaret de Tor. 

 Alexandria. 



Danysz (1918). Presse Med., January 17 



De Bonis (191 2). Pathologica. 



