EYE COMPLICATIONS OF TROPICAL DISEASES 2009 



Fungus. 



Cr5rptococcus dermatitis and various species of the 



genus Saccharomyces 

 Microsporon lanosum ] 

 Trichophyton tonsurans I . . . . 

 Achorion schoenleini j 

 Aspergillus fumigatus . . 

 Nocardia bovis ^ 

 Nocardia israeli [ 

 Cohnistreptothrix foersteri | * * 

 Nocardia dassonvillei j 



Monilia albicans and other species of the same genus 

 Glenospora graphii 

 Sporotrichum beurmanni 



Disease. 

 Ocular Blastomycosis. 

 Ocular Tineas. 

 Ocular Aspergillosis. 



Ocular Nocardiases. 



Ocular Moniliasis. 

 Ocular Glenosporosis. 

 Ocular Sporotrichosis. 



Ocular Blastomycosis. 



Ocular blastomycosis is seen in the form of Palpebral Blastomycosis, which 

 begins as papules which increase in size and give rise to pustules covered with 

 crusts, and, later, to a warty condition, which may become red, moist, and 

 granular. In other cases a subdermal nodule is formed, which may ulcerate. 

 The causal agent is Cryptococcus dermatitis Gilchrist and Stokes, 1898. The 

 diagnosis is made by culture of the fungus. 



Ocular Tineae. 



Tinea palpebrarum may be caused by Microsporon lanosum Sabouraud, 

 1907, by various species of Trichophyton, of which that most commonly found 

 is T. tonsurans Malmsten, 1845. These fungi may or may not attack the 

 cilia. If they do so, then small yellow crusts will be seen surrounding a 

 cilium. On the removal of these crusts, small pustules will be seen. When 

 they do not attack the cilia, they give rise to herpetiform lesions on the eye- 

 lids proper. The diagnosis is made by culture of the fungus. The treatment 

 consists in epilation, warm compresses, and tincture of iodine. 



Achorion schoenleini Lebert, 1845, the fungus of favus, may also attack the 

 eyelids. 



Ocular Aspergillosis. 



About two days after a slight traumatism to the eye, irritation is felt, fol- 

 lowed by pains, and the formation of an abscess, and later an ulcer. The 

 diagnosis can only be made by the microscopical or cultural examination of 

 scrapings from the ulcer or of the pus from the abscess. The treatment 

 consists in curetting and applying a lotion of silver nitrate and atropine drops. 



Ocular Nocardiases. 



Actinomycotic conjunctivitis was first described by Demicheri in 1899, 

 actinomycotic corneal ulcers by de Bernardinis and de Donna in 1905, and 

 miliary actinomycotic metastases in the choroid by Miiller in 1903. Con- 

 junctivitis due to A^. dassonvillei has been recorded by Liegard and Landrieu 

 in 1911. 



Ever since the days of C6soin in 1670 lachrymal concretions have from time 

 to time been recorded_, but their parasitic nature was not recognized until 

 Gruby in 1848 found that they were really fungal in origin. This fungus is 

 known to be Cohnistreptothrix foersteri. The concretions occur in the form of 

 minute grains in the lachrymal sac, from which they can easily be removed. 



Ocular Moniliasis. 



Monilia albicans Robin, 1853, one of the organisms of thrush,' may very 

 rarely attack the conjunctiva, as first described by Piehler in 1895. Cases 

 due to Monilia tropicalis Castellani and other species have been seen by us in 

 Ceylon. 



