2136 MYCETOMA AND PARAMYCETOMA 



Clegg and Hobdy (1916) described N. indica in a native woman 

 in Hawaii. 



Nocardia indica, with yellow or red grains, possesses Gram- 

 positive but not acid-fast hyphae, without clubs. It forms restricted 

 growths under aerobic surroundings at 22° C. and 37° C, but will 

 not grow under strict anaerobic conditions. The cultures are without 

 any distinct odour. It is usually said not to liquefy gelatine or 

 blood serum, but Koch and Stutzer say that it has a peptonizing 

 effect after a long time. Milk is not coagulated, but after some 

 time is cleared. Pinkish colonies are produced on the agars and 

 on potato. It is non-pathogenic for animals, as far as is known. 



5. N. garfeni. — Garten, 1895, met with an organism in cases of 

 actinomycosis in man which he called Cladothrix liquefaciens No. 2, 

 in order to distinguish it from Hesse's fungus, which he called 

 Cladothrix liquefaciens No. i ; but Brumpt, in 1910, altered Garten's 

 name to Discomyces garteni, which now becomes Nocardia gafteni 

 Brumpt (1910). 



This fungus was grown in 1895 by Garten from the lesions of a 

 case of necrosis of vertebrae and ribs, which was associated with 

 abscesses, sinus formation, and empyema. The grains were com- 

 posed of a tangle of ramified filaments without club formation. 



The organism was an aerobe which grew easily on various media, 

 producing on gelatine fine greyish-white points. On the fourth day 

 liquefaction commenced, and was completed by the eighth day. 

 Nothing is said as to the liquid being coloured in any way, and, 

 therefore, we must assume that it was not tinted. On agar, gly- 

 cerine, and glucose agar it formed a greyish-white growth, which 

 became somewhat wrinkled on the surface after two to three days. 

 The wrinkles are deep folds on glycerine agar. 



On serum it forms a white layer, which becomes wrinkled and 

 folded after forty-eight hours, when commencing liquefaction may 

 be noted. On the third day the liquid has increased considerably, 

 and by the sixth day the whole serum is reduced to a perfectly clear 

 fluid. On potato it gives rise to white colonies, while the surround- 

 ing medium becomes greenish in colour. It apparently was not 

 grown on eggs, milk, broth, or peptone solutions. It is pathogenic 

 for rabbits and guinea-pigs. 



6. N. krausei. — In 1899, Krause found an organism in an abscess 

 of the lower jaw, in a man in Germany, which was characterized 

 by having long and short rods and club-like forms resembling the 

 diphtheria bacillus. 



It did not grow at 22° C. nor on gelatine or potato, but it was 

 a facultative anaerobe which formed shghtly yellowish colonies on 

 glycerine agarandwasnot pathogenic for rabbits, guinea-pigs, or mice. 



This fungus was named Streptothrix krausei by Chester, 1901. 

 which name has become changed to Nocardia krausei (Chester, 190 1), 



Allied to, or identical with, this species are the fungi causing 

 the conditions described by Mosetig-Moorhof, Dor, and Poncet, and 

 often called ' pseudo-actinomycosis ' or the mycoses with yellow 



