ACARINE DERMATOSES 



2213 



In cases of heavy infection, Quiros recommends the use of petroleum, or 

 of an ointment consisting of saUcylic acid i part, ichthyol 4 parts, vaseUn 4 

 parts. 



Prophylaxis. — Prophylaxis consists in keeping the house clean, 

 and pigs, poultry, and cattle kept away therefrom. High boots 

 should be used, and especial care should be taken not to go to a 

 ground-floor bathroom with bare feet. The feet, especially the 

 toes and under the nails, should be carefully examined every morn- 

 ing to see if any black dot can be discovered, when the jigger should 

 be at once removed, and in this way suppuration will be prevented. 

 It is advisable, also, to sprinkle the floors with carbolic lotion, 

 Jeyes' fluid, or with pyrethrum powder, or with a strong infusion of 

 native tobacco, as recommended by Low and Castellani. 



II. CHILOPODE DERMATITES. 



Centipedes, when they bite, cause local itching followed by intense pain, 

 which spreads over the whole limb when the bite is on an extremity. A red 

 spot appears at the site of the bite, and this enlarges and becomes black, and 

 is sometimes associated with lymphangitis, adenitis, headache, vomiting, 

 dizziness, irregular pulse, and mental anxiety. 



The treatment is to bathe the parts with a sohition of ammonia (i in 5 

 or I in 10), and to apply a dressing of the same solution, and if there is much 

 swelling an ice-bag, while if the pain is severe, an injection of morphia may be 

 necessary; while later, fomentations are required for the local inflammation 

 (see also pp. 217-218). 



III. ACARINE DERMATITES. 



The Acavine Dermatoses include the skin lesions caused by the ticks 

 andmites. The tick bites are described on pp.215 and 217. Themites 

 (pp. 690-693 and 724-732) which most commonly attack man are: — 



Dermanyssin^. 



Dermanyssus gallincB de Geer, 1778. 



Dermanyssushivudinis Hermann, 1804. — These mites produce 

 a papular eczematous dermatitis in poultrymen. 



Holothyrus coccinella Gervais, 1842, cause a swelling in the 

 part attacked. 



Trombidid^. 



Microtromhidium akamushi Brumpt, 1910, is the cause of 

 Tsutsugamushi disease. 



Microtromhidium holosericeum Linnaeus, 1746, has a larva 

 [Leptus autumnalis) which causes irritation in England in 

 the autumn, and is called the harvest mite. As a fairly 

 effective preservative for this pest the following may be 

 used: — Oil of lavender IT^viii., spirit of camphor TT\xxx., 

 oil of eucalyptus 3i., soap liniment ad §i. 



Trombidium tlalsahuate Lemaire, 1867, is the tlalsahuate of 

 Mexico, which, with the allied species called the balata 

 mite of theGuianas, are well-known plagues, burrowing into 

 the skin, and causing intolerable itching and painful little 

 blisters; but the zoological names of these, as well as of the 



