DYSTROPHIES 



2241 



composed of fine and coarse needles, and by rubbing in various 

 coloured pigments, produce the well-known designs so commonly 

 seen on the arms and bodies of Europeans and Asiatics. 



Varieties— The different varieties of tattooing described above 

 may be classified as follows: — • 



I. Simple tattooing. 



(a) Without furrows — tattooing of Japan and elsewhere. 



(b) With furrows — moko of New Zealand, 

 n. Keloid tattooing — tattooing of Africa. 



Tattooing is not free from danger, for blood-poisoning, and even 

 death, may result, while syphilis and tuberculosis of the skin may be 

 acquired through the wounds. 



Treatment. — When the marks are small, excision may be resorted 

 to, but in general any attempt at removal fails. Nicurowsky re- 

 moves the tattoo marks by bhstering with Finsen light apphed in 

 the same way as for lupus. Carbide snow may also be used, but 

 the application must be prolonged, and a scar results. When the 

 tattooing is performed with gunpowder, it is said that the marks 

 can be removed by painting with di-iodide of ammonium in solu- 

 tion, and afterwards with dilute hydrochloric acid. | 



Ainhum. 



Synonyms. — Quigila (Brazil), Sukha Pakla (India), Faddidite 

 (Madagascar), Gundurum, Affovi-burunkue (Geges tribes), Banko- 

 kerende (Sudan), Excresis Spontanea (A. Collas), Dactylolysis essen- 

 tiaUs (G. Beauregard), Silva Lima's disease (EgasjMoniz de Aragao), 

 Esola or Ombanja (Benguelo, West Africa). 



Fig. 878. — Ainhum. 



' Anyum,* or ' ainhum,' is derived from a Yoruba word meaning 

 to|saw or to cut, and is used by the Nagos. 



Definition. — -A^inhum is a chronic disease of the fifth, and more 

 rarely of the fourth and other toes which occurs in native races, 

 and (is ^characterized by [the formation of a furrow at the digito- 



141 



