QUANTITY 



99 



was eaten once a week in the winter and only once a fortnight in 

 the summer, and lentils eaten in the winter were rarely used in the 

 hot weather, being replaced by extra rice. About ^ pound of butter 

 was taken in the winter, but less in the summer. Bread consisted 

 of a mixture of two parts of dura and one part of wheaten flour, 

 but on desert journeys was made entirely from wheat. Onions and 

 cheese were also used. 



He investigated the diets of two Egyptian men, with the following 

 results, which, however, are complicated by the fa^t that they are 

 calculated from the amount used by the family : — 



Egyptian Men. 



Protein. 



Carbohydrate. 



Fat. 



Calories . 



Strong and healthy 



89-1 



628-0 



47-5 





Not very robust . . 



82-0 



520-0 



49-0 



2,870 



Perhaps the best practical test is the British war ration, which, 

 according to Lelean, was inadequate in the South African War, 

 producing loss of efficiency from neurasthenia and debility, as was 

 afterwards proved by experimental marches performed upon it, 

 but which, in 1913, was altered to one containing a high amount of 

 protein, which, indeed, is required to meet the needs of tissue repair. 

 It is as follows : — 



Protein. 



Carbohydrate. 



Fat. 



Calories. 



175 



218 



515 



4.855 



We have already invited attention to the possible simplification of 

 these tables, and have shown that the essentials are the protein and 

 the Calories, and now we will see how Atwater applies this method 

 for determining the diet of a man doing various kinds of mechanical 

 work : — 



Nature of Work. 



Protein. 



Calories. 



Rest 



Light work 

 Moderate work 

 Hard work 



100 

 112 



125 



150 



2,700 

 3,000 



3.500 

 4.500 



In Japan, Oshima found that a jinricksha-man doing hard work 

 consumes different foods during his periods of work and rest. 

 During work he eats large quantities of rice, and during rest quanti- 



