176 



■WEEDS AlSD USEFUL PLANTS. 



1. 1. Hele'nium, L. Stout ; pubescent ♦ leaves large, oblong ovate, those 

 of the stem clasping ; akenes 4-sidecl. 



Elecampane. 



Ste7}t3-5 feet Iiigb, sulcate, branching above. Leaves 9-18 inches long, and 4-8 inches 

 wide, acute or acuminate, denticulate, hoary-tomentosc beneath, — the radical ones petio- 

 late. Outer scales of the involucre ovate, tomentose. Anthers produced at the base into 

 two tails, or bristle-like appendages. Akenes smooth ; pappus pale tawn}'. 



Roadsides, &c. Naturalizad from Europe. July -August. 



Ohs. Common along road-sides, and having a very slovenly aspect 

 after the flowering season is past. The large thick root has a camphor- 

 like smell and a warm, bitter taste ; it was formerly in high repute as a 

 medicine, but is now seldom used ; it is a tonic and expectorant, — as 

 those medicines are called which affect the secretions of the throat. * 



8. AMBRO'SIA, Tournef. Eag-weed. 



[Poetically, Food of the Gods ; in this case something hke Lucus, a non lucendo.} 



Sterile and fertile flowers in different heads on the same plant ; 

 the staminate in terminal racemes or spikes, — the pistillate ones at 

 their base or in the axils of the upper leaves. Staminate Fl. Livo- 

 lucre flatfish, hemispherical, or subturbinate, composed of several united 

 scales, 5 - 20-flowered. Corolla funnel-form, o-toothed. Receptacle 

 flatfish, usually with filiform chaff among the florets. Pistillate Fl 

 Inv lucre globose-ovoid or turbinate, closed, acuminate, usually with 4 

 -8 pointed tubercles near the summit, 1-flowered. Corolla none. 

 Akene subglobose or obovoid. Annual herbs. Leaves lobed, or pinnati- 

 fidJy dissected. 



1. A. trifi'da, L. Stem tall and stout, hairy and rough ; leaves mostly 

 opposite, palmately 3 - 5-lobed, hairy, scabrous, — the lobes oval lanceo- 

 late, acuminate ; petioles narrowly winged, ciliate ; racemes elongated, 

 paniculate. 



Trifid Ambrosia. Great Rag-weed. 



stem 3-6 or 8 feet high, branched. Leaves 4-6 or 8 inches long ; petioles 1-2 inches 

 long. Staminate heads small, numerous, in long terminal paniculate racemes ; ^oreis 

 whitish. Pistillate heads at the base of the racemes ; the involucre turbinate-obovoid, 

 with a conical apex, 6-ribbed, the ribs terminating in so many pointed tubercles round the 

 base of the conical acumiuation. 



Low grounds and waste places : Canada to Georgia. Fl. August. Fr. October. 



Ohs. This coarse ugly weed is sufficiently common, and worthless, to 

 entitle it to the notice of every farmer who desires to keep his premises 

 clear of such nuisances. 



8. A. artemisisefo'lia, L. Stem paniculately branched, villous ; 

 leaves bipiunatilid, smoothish above, somewhat canescent beneath, — 

 the uppermost simply pinnatifid ; petioles ciliate with long hairs;' 

 jacemes somewhat spicate, paniculate. 

 Artemisia-leaved Ambrosia. Bitter-weed. Rag-weed. 



