833 



IS often made by the country people to apply to cuts and wounds, and is 

 highly valued by those who like to see how such things will heal in spite 

 of useless applications. The yar. candi cans, called Balm of Gilead, is 

 frequently cultivated, as its fragrance in spring is exceedingly agi'ecable. 



SUB-CLASS n. 



GYMXOSPER'MOUS EXOG'EXOUS PLANTS. 



Pistil represented by an open scale or leaf^ or sometimes entirely want- 

 ing ; the omdes and seeds consequently naked (i. e. without a proper 

 pericarp) ; style and stigma none, fertilization taking place by a direct 

 application of the pollen to the ovules. Cotyledons often more than -two. 



Order LXXL COXIF'ER.E. (Pixe Family.) 



Trees or shnihs vrith resinous juice, ueedle-sbapecl or awl-shaped leaves and moncedous or 

 dicecinus ^/foicers in aments. irithout calyx and corolla. Ovules straight. Eriibryo in the 

 axis of fleshy and oily albumen. 



A Tuluahle and very interesting Order of peculiar Botanical character, comprising some 

 of the most magnificent trees known, and valuable fir their timber as well as for their 

 products, which include the turpentines, resins, pitch, tar. itc. The woodv fibre of the 

 plants of this order, under a high magnifying power, exhibits peculiar circular disks or 

 markings. 



Pes'e Sub-f.uiily. 



Fertile flowers in aments, consisting of nnm.erous persistent carpcllnry scales, each scale 

 -subtended by a bract; farming in fruit a strobile or cone. Ovules 2 at tiie base of each 

 carpcllary scale, their orifice turned downwards. Seeds winged. Buds scaly. 

 Leaves 2-5 in a cluster, from the axil of a thin scale, needle-shaped, 



evergreen. 1. Pixus. 



Leaves all scattered on the branches, evergreen. 2. Abies. 



L,eaveg many in a cluster on side-spurs, and scattered along the shoots 



of the season, mostly fallii^ in autumn. 3. Larix, 



Cypeess Sub-family. 



Fertile aments, consisting of a few carpellarv scales, without bracts, 

 with one or several erect ovules at their base. Fruit a roundish 

 strobile or drape-like. Buds naked. 



♦Flowers monoecious. Strobile dry, opening at maturity. 



Fruit of few oblong nearly fiat loose scales. Ovules 2. Leaves ever- 

 green, scale-like, closely imbricated on the flattened branches. 4. Thuja. 



Fruit woody and round scales shield-shaped. Seeds 2 or more on the 

 stalk of each scale. Leaves evergreen, scale-like or awl-shaped. 5. CtJPEESSTJi 



Fruit round and woody; scales shield-shaped and thickened. Seeds 2 

 on the base of each scale. Leaves falling in autumn, linear, 2- 

 ranked. 6. TAXODnrjL 



•♦Flowers mostly dioecious. Fruit berry-like, not opening at matu- 

 rity. 



Fruit 8- 6 coalescent 1 -3-ovuled scales, becoming fleshy. 7. Junipertts, 



Yew^ Sub-Fa3iily. 



Fertile flower solitary, consisting of a naked ovule ripening into a nut- 

 like or drupe-like seed. Ovary entirely wanting. Buds scaly. 

 Ovule erect, surrounded at the base by an annular disk, which forms 



a berry-like cup around the nut-like seed. Leaves evergreen, linear. S. Taxttb. 

 Ovule, &c., nearly as in Tasus : leaves broadly deltoid, deciduous. 9. SAHSBtrELk 



