270 



A DISCOURSE 



BOOK III. those of the collateral you may shorten, stripping up the rest close to the 

 "-^"^^"^^ stem ; and such as you do spare, let them not be the most opposite, but 

 rather one above another, to preserve the part from swelling and hinder- 

 ing its taper growth : be careful, also, to keep your trees from being 



top-heavy, by shortening the side-branches competently near the stem. 



Young plants, nipt either by the frost, or teeth of cattle, do commonly 

 break on the sides, which impedes both growth and spring : in this 

 case, prune off some, and quicken the leading shoot with your knife at 

 some distance beneath its infirmity : but if it be in a very unlikely con- 

 dition at spring, cut off all close to the very ground, and hope for a new 

 shoot, continually suppressing whatever else may accompany it, by cut- 

 ting them away in summer. 



Walnut, Ash, and pithy trees are safer pruned in summer and warm 

 weather than in the spring, whatever the vulgar fancy. 



I will conclude with the technical names, or dissimilar parts of trees, 

 as I find them enumerated by the industrious and learned Dr. Merett : 

 Scapus, Truncus, Cortex, Liber, Malicorium, Matrix, ^Medulla et Cor, 

 Pecten, Circuli, Surculi, Rami, Sarmenta, Ramusculi, Spadix, Vimen, 

 Virgultum et Cremium, Vitilia, Talea, Scobs, Termes, Turiones, Frondes, 

 Cachrys et Nucamentum, Julus et Catulus, Comse: to which add 

 Alburnum, Capitulum, Cima, Echinus, Geniculum, Pericarpium, Petio- 

 lus : the Species, Frutex, Suffrutex, &c. ; all which I leave to be put 

 into good and proper English (as our learned Phytologist, Mr. Ray, 

 has done) by those who shall once oblige our nation with a full and 

 absolutely complete dictionary, as yet a desiderate amongst us ; how- 

 ever, of late, infinitely improved K 



^ In the year 1731, Mr. Philip Miller published the first edition of his Gardeners* 

 Dictionary. It has gone through nine editions, and is a work of considerable merit. 2nd 

 Edit, in 1733.— 3rd Edit, in 1738.— 4th Edit, in 1740.— 5th Edit, in 1743— 6th Edit, in 

 1752.— 7th Edit, in 1 759.— 8th Edit, in 1 768.— and 9th Edit, in 1798, with alterations and 

 improvements, by Mr. Martin, Professor of Botany in the University of Cambridge. — In the 

 year 1764, Dri Berkenhout published his Clavis Anglica Linguae Botanic^ ; and in 1770, 

 Mr. C. Milne favoured the botanical student with an excellent Botanical Dictionary, to which 

 a Supplement was added in 1778. 



