IXSECTICIDES, PREVENTIVES, AND MACHINERY. 449 



from the sulphur, will turn very dark brown, assuming more or 

 less of a reddish tint, and will finally change from a thick batter 

 to a thoroughly liquid condition, the product being ordinary 

 sulphide of lime. All the salt is added to the remaining lime 

 and the latter slaked, after which the slaked lime and salt are 

 added to the sulphide of Hme already obtained, boiled an hour 

 longer, the whole being then diluted with water to make one 

 hundred gallons. This should be strained before application, as 

 it does not form a perfectly Hquid solution, on account of the 

 considerable quantity of undissolved lime, which will soon settle 

 to the bottom unless the solution is constantly stirred while being- 

 sprayed. A special nozzle with a rubber orifice is used for spray- 

 ing this mixture in California. 



A modification, favored in Oregon, is, — 



Unslaked lime 100 pounds. 



Sulphur 100 pounds. 



Blue vitriol 8 pounds. 



Place all the sulphur and eighty pounds of lime in a kettle 

 with one hundred gallons of water and boil slowly until the sul- 

 phur is thoroughly dissolved. Dissolve the blue vitriol in hot 

 water, add to the remainder of the slaked lime, and mix the 

 whole together. This will keep any length of time. When 

 ready to spray, use one gallon of the mixture in two and one- 

 half gallons of hot water and apply lukewarm. It may be used 

 as a summer wash by diluting one gallon with eight or ten gallons 

 of water. 



These, though used successfully on the Pacific coast, have not 

 proved as satisfactory in the East. They have been thoroughly 

 tested by the agents of the Division of Entomology of the United 

 States Department of Agriculture, who do not recommend them 

 on the Atlantic coast. On the other hand, it should be said that 

 the kerosene emulsion seems to be much less effective on the 

 Pacific coast than it is in the East, and it is not unlikely that 

 distinct sets of remedies must be used under different climatic 

 conditions, these to be ascertained by direct experiments in the 

 various localities. Progressive farmers will make it a point to 

 get the bulletins of the Experiment Stations in their own States, 

 to learn from them those facts which apply particularly in their 



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