PLANTING OF WASTE LAND. 121 



turf, and, in some instances, though more rarely, of 

 paling. When stones can be procured, and this 

 can easily be done in most of the waste lands in 

 Scotland, without even the expense of quarrying, 

 tliey are by far the best materials for an enclosure. 

 Turf may be considerably cheaper in the first in- 

 stance, but it makes a much less durable fence, and 

 is not so efficient even while it continues in repair. 

 Paling may be constructed in such a manner as to 

 be cheaper at the outset than either turf or stones, 

 if a proprietor has young plantations in need of 

 thinning, capable of furnishing spars large enough 

 for the purpose. But this kind of fence is liable to 

 be broken down by cattle rubbing themselves upon 

 it, and a variety of other accidents, which keep it al- 

 most in continual need of repair ; and it is, besides, 

 but temporary, as it soon rots and falls to pieces. 



A stone or turf enclosure may be built either in 

 the form of a common dike, or in that of a sunk 

 fence, having a ditch running along, and close to 

 its perpendicular side. The latter form is only to 

 be recommended where materials are scarce, for 

 though it is less expensive at first, it comes sooner to 

 need repairs than a common dike, and is on the 

 whole not so good a fence. 



In districts where there are no sheep, fences will 



