22 



Indiana University Studies 



New Hampshire entered the ranks of the dual system in 

 1913. Before that time there had been a board of five persons, 

 styled State Board of Charities and Corrections, similar to 

 the Indiana board. The new administrative board was named 

 Board of Control like the Iowa board and had similar duties. 

 The emphasis at the time of the creation of the board, how- 

 ever, was upon the purchasing of supplies primarily, altho 

 the law specifically declared that the board should have all 

 the powers formerly exercised by the separate boards of trus- 

 tees. This board, however, did not long remain popular be- 

 cause of its removals for political reasons^^ and in 1915 it 

 was abolished and a Board of Trustees of State Institutions 

 was established. This statute introduces into the dual system 

 an element that has not been much in evidence before, and 

 opens the way for possible modifications of the administrative 

 and dual systems. The new Board of Trustees is strictly a 

 centralized administrative board, having full charge of all 

 State institutions, but it is a large board of ten members, who, 

 like the members of the supervisory boards, receive no com- 

 pensation. The board appoints a business manager for the 

 institutions and a purchasing agent, who are the ones actively 

 in charge of the institutions. 



South Dakota was the first to have a real dual system, 

 its second board being created in 1903. The administrative 

 board is, like that of Rhode Island, misnamed Board of Chari- 

 ties and Corrections, for it is really a board of control. It 

 consists of five members, serving for six years, who control 

 the penitentiary, insane hospitals, schools for the deaf, dumb, 

 and blind, and the training schools for boys and girls. The 

 board has full power to examine these institutions financially 

 and otherwise, to prescribe methods of management, manner 

 of keeping accounts, and other details. The members receive 

 a small compensation. The supervisory board, styled Wom- 

 an's Investigating Board, consists of three women who con- 

 stitute a committee of investigation for the State institutions 

 and whose duty it is to visit each institution at least twice a 

 year to enquire into and investigate the sanitary conditions 

 and the treatment and care of inmates. The members serve 



25 See page 9 of "The Care of the Insane under State Boards of Control," by Dr. 

 Thomas W. Salmon, medical director. National Committee for Mental Hygiene. Reprint 

 from State Hospital Bulletin, New York, for February, 1915. 



