110 



INJUEIOUS I^J^SECTS 



teristic manner, extending laterally in long shreds or 

 ramifications. (See fig. 77.) The pupa is dark brown, 

 variegated with paler brown, while the spines around the 

 edges are transparent and white. 



TUEOTP AND RUTA BAGA. 



These root crops are much more generally cultivated in 

 England than with us, and English works describe about 

 a dozen species that are regarded as special enemies to 

 the Turnip and Ruta Baga, or, as the latter are most 

 commonly called, Swedes. As the cultivation of these 

 crops becomes more general in this country, the num- 

 ber of destructive insects will no doubt increase. 



Some of those insects that occasionally appear in great 

 numbers, like the Fall Army Worm, and take nearly 

 every green plant, attack the Turnip crop, though the 

 Rocky Mountain Locust, or Grasshopper, as a rule, 

 avoids it 



The Turnips belong to the same family of plants as 

 the Cabbage, and several insects attack both indiscrim- 

 inately. Indeed, nearly all these described under Cab- 

 bage may be looked for upon Turnips (which includes the 

 Ruta Baga or Swedes). The Wavy-striped Flea-beetle 

 {Haltica striolata), which is so destructive to young Cab- 

 bage plants, is especially fond of Turnips of all kinds in 

 the young state, when the seedlings first break ground. 

 This appears to be, in this country, the counterpart of the 

 Turnip Flea-beetle of England, which is there generally 

 called the ^'Turnip Fly," and is, like ours, a species of 

 Haltica. If the young seedlings can be protected until 

 they make a few rough leaves, they will usually resist 

 these enemies, hence it has been found useful to dust them 



